A nurse is completing an admission assessment for a client who has been taking St. John’s wort. The nurse should identify that which of the following medications can interact with St. John’s wort?
Rifampin.
Furosemide.
Citalopram.
Allopurinol.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Rifampin is an antibiotic used to treat tuberculosis and other bacterial infections. It does not have a known interaction with St. John’s wort.
Choice B rationale
Furosemide is a diuretic used to treat fluid retention and high blood pressure. It does not have a known interaction with St. John’s wort.
Choice C rationale
Citalopram is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used to treat depression. St. John’s wort can interact with SSRIs like citalopram, potentially leading to serotonin syndrome, a serious condition caused by excessive levels of serotonin in the brain.
Choice D rationale
Allopurinol is used to treat gout and kidney stones. It does not have a known interaction with St. John’s wort.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Sitagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor used to manage blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes but does not specifically slow the progression of nephropathy.
Choice B rationale
Glipizide is a sulfonylurea that helps control blood sugar levels but does not have a direct effect on slowing nephropathy progression.
Choice C rationale
Metoprolol is a beta-blocker used to manage hypertension but does not specifically target nephropathy progression.
Choice D rationale
Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that helps manage hypertension and has been shown to slow the progression of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Metoclopramide is not used to suppress cough. It is primarily used to treat nausea, vomiting, and gastroparesis.
Choice B rationale
Metoclopramide does not have a primary effect on muscle relaxation. Its main action is to increase gastrointestinal motility.
Choice C rationale
Reduced nausea is a primary outcome for evaluating the effectiveness of metoclopramide. It is commonly prescribed to manage nausea and vomiting.
Choice D rationale
Metoclopramide is not typically used to decrease pain. Its primary indications are related to gastrointestinal symptoms.