A nurse is completing a health history and assessment for a client who reports they are pregnant.
Which of the following findings is a presumptive sign of pregnancy?
Positive pregnancy test.
Amenorrhea.
Fetal heart sounds.
Chadwick's sign.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
A positive pregnancy test is a probable sign of pregnancy as it indicates the presence of hCG, a hormone produced during pregnancy. However, it is not a presumptive sign, as other
conditions can also result in elevated hCG levels.
Choice B rationale
Amenorrhea, or the absence of menstrual periods, is a presumptive sign of pregnancy. It is one of the earliest indications that a woman may be pregnant, though it can also be
caused by other factors such as stress or hormonal imbalances.
Choice C rationale
Fetal heart sounds detected by Doppler ultrasound are a positive sign of pregnancy, confirming the presence of a fetus. This is not a presumptive sign as it is direct evidence of
pregnancy.
Choice D rationale
Chadwick's sign, a bluish discoloration of the cervix, vagina, and labia due to increased blood flow, is considered a probable sign of pregnancy. It is not a presumptive sign but rather
a physical change that occurs during pregnancy. .
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Repeating the CST isn't necessary with a negative result, which indicates no significant uterine contractions affecting the fetus.
Choice B rationale
Administering an IV fluid bolus is not warranted by a negative CST result.
Choice C rationale
Preparing for a cesarean birth isn't necessary since a negative CST indicates no immediate fetal distress.
Choice D rationale
A negative CST indicates that there are no late decelerations, so the nurse should allow the labor to progress naturally.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Rear-facing car seats are safer for infants and toddlers because they provide better support for their head, neck, and spine in the event of a collision. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends keeping children in rear-facing seats until they are at least 2 years old or until they reach the highest weight or height allowed by the manufacturer.
Choice B rationale
A four-point harness is not sufficient for securing a baby in a car seat. A five-point harness, which includes two shoulder straps, two hip straps, and one crotch strap, provides more secure and effective restraint for infants.
Choice C rationale
The shoulder harness should be positioned in the slots at or below the baby's shoulders, not above, to ensure proper fit and restraint. Placing the harness above the shoulders can result in improper restraint and increased risk of injury in an accident.
Choice D rationale
The correct angle for a rear-facing car seat is typically 45 degrees, not 30 degrees. A 45-degree angle ensures the baby's airway remains open, preventing the head from falling forward and potentially causing breathing difficulties.