A nurse is collecting data on a client who has multiple sclerosis. The client reports there are times when the symptoms are active and times when there are no symptoms. Which of the following types of multiple sclerosis does this pattern indicate?
Primary progressive multiple sclerosis
Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
Clinically isolating syndrome
The Correct Answer is B
A. Primary progressive multiple sclerosis is characterized by a gradual progression of symptoms without relapses, so this does not match the client's pattern.
B. Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is defined by episodes of exacerbation (active symptoms) followed by periods of remission (no symptoms), which aligns with the client's description.
C. Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis follows an initial relapsing-remitting course but leads to a more continuous decline in function, so it does not match the pattern described.
D. Clinically isolating syndrome refers to a single episode of neurological symptoms but does not indicate the pattern of relapses and remissions typical of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The right groin area is not the site of the procedure, so placing a sandbag here would not help control bleeding or pressure.
B. The sandbag should be placed over the left groin area where the femoral artery was accessed during the angiography. This helps apply pressure to prevent bleeding from the site and promote clot formation.
C. The right ankle is irrelevant to the procedure and would not require pressure.
D. Similarly, the left ankle has no relation to the femoral angiography site.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Wearing low-heeled shoes is advisable to promote better posture and alignment, so this statement is appropriate.
B. Carrying heavy objects close to the body is a recommended practice for preventing back injury, indicating correct understanding.
C. Sitting with knees lower than hips can lead to poor posture and increased strain on the lower back, indicating a need for further clarification. The correct position should have the knees level or slightly higher than the hips.
D. Strengthening abdominal muscles is beneficial for back support and injury prevention, indicating the client understands the concept.