A nurse is collecting data from a client who has peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Warm extremities.
Darkened skin color near extremities.
Intermittent claudication.
Edema.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Warm extremities are not typically associated with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). PAD usually results in reduced blood flow, leading to cooler extremities.
Choice B rationale
Darkened skin color near extremities is more commonly associated with venous insufficiency rather than PAD. PAD typically causes pale or bluish skin due to reduced blood flow.
Choice C rationale
Intermittent claudication, which is pain or cramping in the legs during exercise that subsides with rest, is a hallmark symptom of PAD. It occurs due to reduced blood flow to the muscles during activity.
Choice D rationale
Edema is more commonly associated with venous insufficiency or heart failure rather than PAD. PAD typically causes reduced blood flow, not fluid accumulation.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Potassium iodide is used to treat hyperthyroidism and protect the thyroid gland from radiation, but it does not help lower serum potassium levels.
Choice B rationale
Lactulose is a laxative used to treat constipation and hepatic encephalopathy, but it does not affect serum potassium levels.
Choice C rationale
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is used to treat hyperkalemia by exchanging sodium ions for potassium ions in the intestines, thereby lowering serum potassium levels.
Choice D rationale
Acetylcysteine is used as a mucolytic agent and to treat acetaminophen overdose, but it does not have any effect on serum potassium levels.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Increased urine ketones are more commonly associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) rather than fluid volume deficit. DKA involves the breakdown of fat for energy, leading to ketone production.
Choice B rationale
Increased urine specific gravity is an expected finding in fluid volume deficit. It indicates concentrated urine due to decreased fluid intake or excessive fluid loss.
Choice C rationale
Decreased hematocrit is not typically associated with fluid volume deficit. In fact, hematocrit levels may be elevated due to hemoconcentration when there is a significant loss of fluid.
Choice D rationale
Decreased urine output is a common sign of fluid volume deficit. The body conserves water by reducing urine production to maintain fluid balance.