A nurse is collecting data from a 4-month old infant who has meningitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Depressed anterior fontanel
High Pitched cry
Constipation
Presence of the rooting reflex
The Correct Answer is B
A. Depressed anterior fontanel: A depressed fontanel is typically associated with dehydration, not meningitis.
B. High-pitched cry: A high-pitched cry is a classic symptom of meningitis in infants, often associated with increased ICP.
C. Constipation: Meningitis is more likely to cause irritability and feeding difficulties than constipation.
D. Presence of the rooting reflex: The rooting reflex is normal in a 4-month-old and does not specifically indicate meningitis.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Uncontrollable shaking of the body: This is a hallmark sign of generalized tonic-clonic seizures, characterized by jerking movements of the body.
B. Difficulty breathing and shortness of breath: Respiratory difficulties are not primary symptoms of seizures but may occur in severe cases.
C. Dizziness and lightheadedness: These symptoms are more indicative of conditions like vertigo or syncope, not seizures.
D. Rapid heart rate and chest pain: These are more characteristic of cardiac issues than seizures.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. 20. Trisomy 20 is not associated with Down syndrome.
B. 21. Down syndrome results from an extra copy of chromosome 21, called Trisomy 21.
C. 22. Trisomy 22 leads to other syndromes but not Down syndrome.
D. 19. Trisomy 19 is incompatible with life and does not cause Down syndrome.