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A nurse is collecting data from a 10-year-old child during a well-child visit.
Which of the following statements by the child indicates he is meeting the psychosocial development expectations of a school-age child?

A.

"I like to collect rocks.”.

B.

"I really want to do well in school.”.

C.

"I can do simple math problems in my head.”.

D.

"My parents set rules that I need to follow.”. .

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

Collecting objects like rocks reflects the interest in categorizing and organizing, which aligns with the industry vs. inferiority stage for school-age children.

 

Choice B rationale

Wanting to do well in school also fits with the industry vs. inferiority stage, where children gain pride from achieving tasks and being competent.

 

Choice C rationale

Doing simple math problems in one's head indicates cognitive development but doesn't directly align with the psychosocial development focus.

 

Choice D rationale

Following rules set by parents is important, but it's more about conforming to authority rather than indicating psychosocial development specific to industry vs. inferiority.


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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Autonomy is a developmental task of toddlers (1-3 years old), focusing on developing a sense of personal control over physical skills and independence.

Choice B rationale

Initiative is a developmental task of early childhood (3-6 years old), where children begin to assert control and power over their environment through directing play and other social interactions.

Choice C rationale

Identity is the primary developmental task of adolescents (12-18 years old), focusing on developing a personal sense of self and direction in life.

Choice D rationale

Trust is a developmental task of infancy (0-1 year), where children learn to trust their caregivers for care and sustenance.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Learning to use creative energies is associated with the initiative vs. guilt stage, typically seen in preschool-aged children. During this stage, children assert control and power over their environment through directing play and other social interactions.

Choice B rationale

Defining a sense of self pertains to the identity vs. role confusion stage, which occurs in adolescence. This stage focuses on developing a personal identity and a sense of self. Adolescents explore different roles, beliefs, and values to form a unique identity.

Choice C rationale

Building a sense of trust is linked with the trust vs. mistrust stage, experienced in infancy. In this stage, infants learn to trust their caregivers and environment if their needs are consistently met, establishing a foundation for future relationships.

Choice D rationale

Learning to perform tasks independently corresponds to the autonomy vs. shame and doubt stage, typical of toddlers. In this stage, children develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence.

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