A nurse is collecting data for a client who experienced a myocardial infarction prior to a cardiac arrest. Which of the following laboratory tests will identify early injury to the cardiac muscle?
Creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) test
Troponin T test
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) test
Creatine kinase (CK) test
The Correct Answer is B
A. Creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) test: While CK-MB is also a marker of myocardial injury, it is less specific than troponin and can be elevated in other conditions, such as muscle injury.
B. Troponin T test. The Troponin T test is highly specific and sensitive for myocardial injury and is considered the gold standard for diagnosing a myocardial infarction. Troponin levels rise within hours of cardiac muscle injury and remain elevated for days, providing an early and reliable indicator of cardiac muscle damage.
C. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) test. BNP levels are used to assess heart failure and do not indicate acute cardiac muscle injury.
D. Creatine kinase (CK) test. CK measures overall muscle injury, not specific to cardiac muscle.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Cerebral blood flow. MAP is crucial for maintaining adequate cerebral perfusion pressure, ensuring enough blood flow to the brain.
B. The client's intake and output needs. MAP does not directly influence intake and output needs; it is more directly related to blood flow and tissue perfusion.
C. Regulation of blood pressure. MAP is a measure of average blood pressure but not a regulator of it.
D. Resorption of cerebrospinal fluid. CSF resorption is not directly influenced by MAP; it’s regulated by intracranial pressure and other factors.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. 25 gtt/min: Calculating the correct rate reveals that this is not the correct answer.
B. 1500 gtt/min: This rate is too high; the calculation does not support this answer.
C. 50 gtt/min: To calculate: (100 mL / 120 min) × 30 gtt/mL = 50 gtt/min.
D. 83 gtt/min: This is too high based on the calculation.