A nurse is checking the laboratory results of a client who is at risk for diabetes mellitus. Which of the following laboratory results indicates to the nurse that the client is at risk for diabetes mellitus?
2-hr blood glucose 132 mg/dL.
HbA1c 5.2%.
Casual blood glucose 178 mg/dL.
Fasting blood glucose 155 mg/dL. .
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
A 2-hour blood glucose level of 132 mg/dL is below the threshold for diabetes diagnosis, which is 200 mg/dL or higher.
Choice B rationale
An HbA1c level of 5.2% is within the normal range. Diabetes is diagnosed with an HbA1c of 6.5% or higher.
Choice C rationale
A casual blood glucose level of 178 mg/dL is elevated but not diagnostic of diabetes. Diabetes is diagnosed with a casual blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL or higher.
Choice D rationale
A fasting blood glucose level of 155 mg/dL is above the threshold for diabetes diagnosis, which is 126 mg/dL or higher. This indicates that the client is at risk for diabetes mellitus.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While alcohol consumption should generally be limited for individuals with gout, white wine is not necessarily better than red wine. Both types of wine contain purines, which can increase uric acid levels and trigger gout attacks. Therefore, the statement “I’ll drink white wine, not red” is not a correct indication of understanding a low-purine diet.
Choice B rationale
Fruits are generally low in purines and are recommended as part of a healthy diet for managing gout. Limiting fruit servings is not necessary and does not align with the principles of a low-purine diet. Therefore, the statement “I’ll limit the number of fruit servings I eat each day” is incorrect.
Choice C rationale
Red meat is high in purines and should be limited or avoided in a low-purine diet. Choosing red meat over poultry is not advisable for managing gout. Therefore, the statement “I’ll choose red meat instead of poultry” is incorrect.
Choice D rationale
Organ meats, such as liver, are very high in purines and should be eliminated from the diet to manage gout effectively. The statement “I’ll eliminate liver from my diet” correctly indicates an understanding of a low-purine diet.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Zucchini is not a significant source of calcium and would not be recommended for increasing calcium intake to reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
Choice B rationale
Collards are a good source of calcium and are recommended for clients at risk for osteoporosis. They provide a substantial amount of calcium, which is essential for bone health.
Choice C rationale
Potatoes are not a significant source of calcium and would not be recommended for increasing calcium intake.
Choice D rationale
Carrots are not a significant source of calcium and would not be reco