A nurse is checking the laboratory results of a client who is at risk for diabetes mellitus. Which of the following laboratory results indicates to the nurse that the client is at risk for diabetes mellitus?
2-hr blood glucose 132 mg/dL.
HbA1c 5.2%.
Casual blood glucose 178 mg/dL.
Fasting blood glucose 155 mg/dL. .
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
A 2-hour blood glucose level of 132 mg/dL is below the threshold for diabetes diagnosis, which is 200 mg/dL or higher.
Choice B rationale
An HbA1c level of 5.2% is within the normal range. Diabetes is diagnosed with an HbA1c of 6.5% or higher.
Choice C rationale
A casual blood glucose level of 178 mg/dL is elevated but not diagnostic of diabetes. Diabetes is diagnosed with a casual blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL or higher.
Choice D rationale
A fasting blood glucose level of 155 mg/dL is above the threshold for diabetes diagnosis, which is 126 mg/dL or higher. This indicates that the client is at risk for diabetes mellitus.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A serum creatinine test does not inform the provider about anemia. Anemia is typically diagnosed through a complete blood count (CBC) test, which measures the levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit in the blood.
Choice B rationale
A serum creatinine test does not provide information about infections. Infections are usually diagnosed through clinical evaluation and specific tests such as blood cultures, urine cultures, or imaging studies.
Choice C rationale
A serum creatinine test measures the level of creatinine in the blood, which is an indicator of kidney function. Elevated creatinine levels can indicate impaired kidney function or kidney disease.
Choice D rationale
A serum creatinine test does not provide information about thyroid disorders. Thyroid function is typically assessed through tests that measure levels of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the blood.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance, not the overproduction of insulin. Over time, the pancreas may produce less insulin, but the primary issue is the body’s inability to use insulin effectively.
Choice B rationale
Type 2 diabetes involves the body’s inability to process glucose properly due to insulin resistance. This leads to elevated blood glucose levels and various complications if not managed effectively.
Choice C rationale
Hemoglobin binding to sugar is related to the measurement of HbA1c, which reflects average blood glucose levels over time. It is not a cause of type 2 diabetes.
Choice D rationale
The destruction of pancreatic cells is a characteristic of type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune condition. Type 2 diabetes is primarily due to insulin resistance and is not caused by an autoimmune response.