A nurse is caring for four clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following clients should the nurse assess first?
A client who has COPD and the capillary refill time on both hands is 4 seconds
A client who has late-stage cirrhosis and whose breath has a fruity odor
A client who has a nasogastric tube for decompression and the gastric aspirate is green with a pH of 5.3
A client who had an indwelling urinary catheter removed 5 hr ago and has not voided
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Capillary refill time of 4 seconds is concerning but less urgent compared to immediate post-catheter removal issues.
B. Fruity breath odor in late-stage cirrhosis could indicate a metabolic issue but is less immediate than issues related to urinary output.
C. Green gastric aspirate with a pH of 5.3 is within normal range for NG tube decompression.
D. A client who has not voided 5 hours after catheter removal is at risk for urinary retention or other complications and should be assessed immediately.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Providing a back rub can be done by an AP, as it does not require specialized nursing skills.
B. Transporting a client is an appropriate task for an AP if the client is stable.
C. Performing oral hygiene for a postoperative client can be managed by an AP with supervision.
D. Removing and cleaning the cannula of a new tracheostomy requires specific skills and knowledge that only a licensed nurse should perform to avoid complications.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. "There are no provider's prescriptions available." is related to background information but does not describe the current situation of the client.
B. "The client was found unconscious on the floor in her home." provides information about the situation but not the current clinical background.
C. "The client should be seen by a neurologist." is a recommendation for further action and should be included in the "Recommendation" section of SBAR, not "Background."
D. "The client is disoriented. Pupils are slow to respond to light." provides relevant background information about the client's current condition, which is necessary for the SBAR "Background" step.