A nurse is caring for four clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following clients should the nurse assess first?
A client who has COPD and the capillary refill time on both hands is 4 seconds
A client who has late-stage cirrhosis and whose breath has a fruity odor
A client who has a nasogastric tube for decompression and the gastric aspirate is green with a pH of 5.3
A client who had an indwelling urinary catheter removed 5 hr ago and has not voided
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Capillary refill time of 4 seconds is concerning but less urgent compared to immediate post-catheter removal issues.
B. Fruity breath odor in late-stage cirrhosis could indicate a metabolic issue but is less immediate than issues related to urinary output.
C. Green gastric aspirate with a pH of 5.3 is within normal range for NG tube decompression.
D. A client who has not voided 5 hours after catheter removal is at risk for urinary retention or other complications and should be assessed immediately.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. "Whether or not I am a good lover is irrelevant." does not directly address the inappropriate nature of the comment.
B. "Let's talk about something else." avoids the issue without addressing the inappropriateness of the behavior.
C. "You need to lower your voice. Others can hear you." addresses the volume but not the content of the comment.
D. "Speaking to me like that makes me uncomfortable." directly addresses the inappropriate behavior and communicates the impact on the nurse, which is the most appropriate response.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. "The client works in the hospital radiology department." This information is important for understanding the client's background but does not indicate a need for total care by the nurse.
B. "The client discussed having prior thoughts of suicide." This statement indicates a high-risk situation requiring close monitoring and direct care by the nurse, rather than delegating tasks to an AP. The client's safety and mental health status necessitate the nurse's full attention.
C. "The client's blood pressure and pulse have been fluctuating throughout the day." While this information suggests the need for monitoring, it doesn't necessarily preclude the AP from assisting with certain tasks under the nurse's supervision.
D. "The client's family members have been present most of the day." This statement provides context but does not indicate a need for total care by the nurse.