A nurse is caring for an infant who has inadequate motility of part of the intestine resulting in a mechanical obstruction. The nurse should identify this finding as a manifestation of which of the following disorders?
Hirschsprung’s disease.
Encopresis.
Pyloric stenosis.
Enterocolitis.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Hirschsprung’s disease is characterized by inadequate motility of part of the intestine, resulting in a mechanical obstruction. This condition is caused by the absence of ganglion cells in the affected segment of the intestine, leading to a lack of peristalsis and subsequent obstruction.
Choice B rationale
Encopresis is a condition characterized by the repeated passage of feces into inappropriate places, such as clothing or the floor. It is not associated with inadequate motility of the intestine or mechanical obstruction.
Choice C rationale
Pyloric stenosis is a condition characterized by the narrowing of the pylorus, which leads to obstruction of the passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine. It is not associated with inadequate motility of the intestine.
Choice D rationale
Enterocolitis is an inflammation of the intestine and colon. It is not associated with inadequate motility of the intestine or mechanical obstruction.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Sitting on a nurse’s lap leaning forward is a position that can be used for postural drainage in infants with cystic fibrosis. This position helps drain secretions from the upper lobes of the lungs.
Choice B rationale
The supine position (lying on the back) is also used for postural drainage to target different areas of the lungs. It is not contraindicated for infants with cystic fibrosis.
Choice C rationale
Sitting on a nurse’s lap leaning backward is another position that can be used for postural drainage. This position helps drain secretions from the lower lobes of the lungs.
Choice D rationale
The Trendelenburg position (lying flat on the back with the feet elevated higher than the head) is contraindicated for infants with cystic fibrosis. This position can increase the risk of gastroesophageal reflux and aspiration, which can worsen respiratory symptoms.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hirschsprung’s disease is characterized by inadequate motility of part of the intestine, resulting in a mechanical obstruction. This condition is caused by the absence of ganglion cells in the affected segment of the intestine, leading to a lack of peristalsis and subsequent obstruction.
Choice B rationale
Encopresis is a condition characterized by the repeated passage of feces into inappropriate places, such as clothing or the floor. It is not associated with inadequate motility of the intestine or mechanical obstruction.
Choice C rationale
Pyloric stenosis is a condition characterized by the narrowing of the pylorus, which leads to obstruction of the passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine. It is not associated with inadequate motility of the intestine.
Choice D rationale
Enterocolitis is an inflammation of the intestine and colon. It is not associated with inadequate motility of the intestine or mechanical obstruction.