A nurse is caring for an infant who has inadequate motility of part of the intestine resulting in a mechanical obstruction. The nurse should identify this finding as a manifestation of which of the following disorders?
Hirschsprung’s disease.
Encopresis.
Pyloric stenosis.
Enterocolitis.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Hirschsprung’s disease is characterized by inadequate motility of part of the intestine, resulting in a mechanical obstruction. This condition is caused by the absence of ganglion cells in the affected segment of the intestine, leading to a lack of peristalsis and subsequent obstruction.
Choice B rationale
Encopresis is a condition characterized by the repeated passage of feces into inappropriate places, such as clothing or the floor. It is not associated with inadequate motility of the intestine or mechanical obstruction.
Choice C rationale
Pyloric stenosis is a condition characterized by the narrowing of the pylorus, which leads to obstruction of the passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine. It is not associated with inadequate motility of the intestine.
Choice D rationale
Enterocolitis is an inflammation of the intestine and colon. It is not associated with inadequate motility of the intestine or mechanical obstruction.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Taking pancreatic enzymes following meals is not effective. The enzymes need to be taken with meals to aid in the digestion of food as it is being consumed.
Choice B rationale
Pancreatic enzymes are not taken to improve metabolism. They are specifically prescribed to aid in the digestion of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates in children with cystic fibrosis.
Choice C rationale
Taking pancreatic enzymes 2 hours before meals is not effective. The enzymes need to be taken with meals to ensure they are present in the digestive tract when food is being digested.
Choice D rationale
Taking pancreatic enzymes helps digest the fat in foods. Children with cystic fibrosis have difficulty digesting fats due to the thick mucus that blocks the pancreatic ducts, preventing the release of digestive enzymes
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Encouraging regular activity level as soon as possible is not appropriate for a child with streptococcal pharyngitis. Rest is important to allow the body to recover and prevent complications.
Choice B rationale
Completing the entire course of antibiotics is crucial to prevent complications such as rheumatic fever, which can result from untreated or partially treated streptococcal infections.
Choice C rationale
Expecting the lymph nodes to swell and obstruct the airway is not a typical outcome of streptococcal pharyngitis. While lymph node swelling can occur, it usually does not obstruct the airway.
Choice D rationale
Being aware that the infection may spread and cause a tooth abscess is not a common complication of streptococcal pharyngitis. The primary concern is preventing complications like rheumatic fever and ensuring complete recovery.