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A nurse is caring for an infant who has inadequate motility of part of the intestine resulting in a mechanical obstruction. The nurse should identify this finding as a manifestation of which of the following disorders?

A.

Hirschsprung’s disease.

B.

Encopresis.

C.

Pyloric stenosis.

D.

Enterocolitis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

 

Hirschsprung’s disease is characterized by inadequate motility of part of the intestine, resulting in a mechanical obstruction. This condition is caused by the absence of ganglion cells in the affected segment of the intestine, leading to a lack of peristalsis and subsequent obstruction.

 

Choice B rationale

 

Encopresis is a condition characterized by the repeated passage of feces into inappropriate places, such as clothing or the floor. It is not associated with inadequate motility of the intestine or mechanical obstruction.

 

Choice C rationale

 

Pyloric stenosis is a condition characterized by the narrowing of the pylorus, which leads to obstruction of the passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine. It is not associated with inadequate motility of the intestine.

 

Choice D rationale

 

Enterocolitis is an inflammation of the intestine and colon. It is not associated with inadequate motility of the intestine or mechanical obstruction.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

The influenza vaccine is recommended annually for all individuals, including adolescents, to protect against the flu. However, it is not specifically required for pre-college physical assessments.

Choice B rationale

The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine is typically administered to older adults and individuals with certain medical conditions. It is not a standard requirement for adolescents.

Choice C rationale

The Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is used in countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis. It is not commonly administered in the United States or required for pre-college physical assessments.

Choice D rationale

The meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine is recommended for adolescents, especially those entering college, to protect against meningococcal disease, which can spread in close living quarters.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Placing the child in a knee-chest position helps increase systemic vascular resistance, which reduces the right-to-left shunt and improves oxygenation during a cyanotic spell in children with Tetralogy of Fallot.

Choice B rationale

Having the child lie supine with the head turned to one side does not help in managing a cyanotic spell and may not improve oxygenation.

Choice C rationale

Lying prone does not specifically address the cyanotic spell and may not be the most effective position for improving oxygenation.

Choice D rationale

Placing the child in a semi-Fowler’s position in an infant seat does not specifically address the cyanotic spell and may not be the most effective position for improving oxygenation.

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