A nurse is caring for a toddler who has infectious gastroenteritis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Offer the toddler flavored gelatin.
Initiate oral rehydration therapy for the toddler.
Include chicken broth in the toddler's diet.
Feed the toddler the BRAT diet.
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Offering flavored gelatin can provide some hydration, but it does not provide sufficient electrolytes necessary for rehydration in gastroenteritis.
B. Initiating oral rehydration therapy for the toddler is essential in treating dehydration caused by infectious gastroenteritis. Oral rehydration solutions contain the right balance of electrolytes and fluids to replenish losses.
C. While chicken broth may provide some fluid and salt, it is not as effective as a specific oral rehydration solution tailored for children with gastroenteritis.
D. The BRAT diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast) is no longer recommended as the primary diet for children with gastroenteritis, as it does not provide adequate nutrition or electrolytes.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Compensated metabolic acidosis would show a normal pH with a decrease in HCO3- and a decrease in PaCO2.
B. Compensated respiratory acidosis would show a normal pH with an elevated PaCO2 and a compensatory increase in HCO3-.
C. The low pH indicates acidosis, and the elevated PaCO2 suggests that it is respiratory in origin, with the HCO3- remaining normal, indicating no compensation has occurred yet.
D. Uncompensated metabolic acidosis would present with a low pH, low HCO3-, and normal PaCO2.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Dietary salt restriction is challenging but is a specific intervention that can be managed with education and support.
B. The absence of symptoms can significantly hinder compliance because clients may not perceive the need to adhere to a treatment plan if they do not feel unwell. This perception can lead to underestimating the importance of managing their blood pressure.
C. The addition of a new medication may pose some challenges, but clients often adapt to new medications with proper guidance.
D. A detailed plan of care can enhance understanding and compliance, making it less likely to be a barrier compared to the lack of symptomatic cues indicating a need for treatment.