A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has acute glomerulonephritis with peripheral edema and is producing 35 mL of urine per hour. The nurse should place the client on which of the following diets?
Low-carbohydrate, low-protein diet.
Regular diet, no added salt.
Low-protein, low-potassium diet.
Low-sodium, fluid-restricted diet.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
A low-carbohydrate, low-protein diet is not appropriate for a child with acute glomerulonephritis. Carbohydrates and proteins are essential nutrients, and restricting them can lead to malnutrition and other complications.
Choice B rationale
A regular diet with no added salt is not sufficient for managing acute glomerulonephritis with peripheral edema. Sodium restriction is necessary to help reduce fluid retention and edema.
Choice C rationale
A low-protein, low-potassium diet is not the best choice for managing acute glomerulonephritis. While protein and potassium intake may need to be monitored, the primary focus should be on sodium and fluid restriction.
Choice D rationale
A low-sodium, fluid-restricted diet is the correct choice. Sodium restriction helps reduce fluid retention and edema, while fluid restriction helps manage fluid balance and prevent further complications.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
At 10 months, infants are typically able to imitate simple sounds, including animal sounds. This is a normal developmental milestone.
Choice B rationale
Turning pages in a book is a fine motor skill that develops later, around 12 months of age.
Choice C rationale
Building a tower of three or four cubes is a skill that typically develops around 15-18 months of age.
Choice D rationale
By 10 months, infants should be able to sit steadily without support. Inability to do so may indicate a developmental delay.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Administering an inhaled glucocorticoid can help reduce inflammation in the airways, but it is not the priority intervention in an acute asthma exacerbation. The primary concern is to provide rapid bronchodilator.
Choice B rationale
Obtaining a peak flow reading can help assess the severity of the asthma exacerbation, but it is not the priority intervention. The primary concern is to provide rapid bronchodilator.
Choice C rationale
Administering a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) is the priority intervention. SABAs, such as albuterol, provide rapid bronchodilation and relieve bronchospasm, which are the main features of status asthmatics.
Choice D rationale
Determining the cause of the acute exacerbation can help guide long-term management, but it is not the priority intervention in an acute asthma exacerbation. The primary concern is to provide rapid bronchodilation.