A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has acute glomerulonephritis with peripheral edema and is producing 35 mL of urine per hour. The nurse should place the client on which of the following diets?
Low-carbohydrate, low-protein diet.
Regular diet, no added salt.
Low-protein, low-potassium diet.
Low-sodium, fluid-restricted diet.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
A low-carbohydrate, low-protein diet is not appropriate for a child with acute glomerulonephritis. Carbohydrates and proteins are essential nutrients, and restricting them can lead to malnutrition and other complications.
Choice B rationale
A regular diet with no added salt is not sufficient for managing acute glomerulonephritis with peripheral edema. Sodium restriction is necessary to help reduce fluid retention and edema.
Choice C rationale
A low-protein, low-potassium diet is not the best choice for managing acute glomerulonephritis. While protein and potassium intake may need to be monitored, the primary focus should be on sodium and fluid restriction.
Choice D rationale
A low-sodium, fluid-restricted diet is the correct choice. Sodium restriction helps reduce fluid retention and edema, while fluid restriction helps manage fluid balance and prevent further complications.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Encouraging the parents to rock the infant provides comfort and emotional support, which is crucial for the infant’s recovery. Rocking can also help soothe the infant and promote bonding between the parents and the child.
Choice B rationale
Administering ibuprofen as needed for pain is not recommended for infants under 6 months of age due to the risk of adverse effects such as gastrointestinal bleeding and kidney damage.
Choice C rationale
Positioning the infant on her abdomen is contraindicated after cleft lip repair surgery as it can put pressure on the surgical site, potentially causing damage and increasing the risk of infection.
Choice D rationale
Offering the infant a pacifier is not advisable as sucking can put strain on the surgical site, potentially leading to complications and delaying the healing process.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Loosening restrictive clothing can help ensure the child is comfortable and can breathe easily during a seizure. However, it is not the priority action. The primary concern during a tonic- clonic seizure is to maintain the child’s airway and prevent aspiration, especially if the child is vomiting.
Choice B rationale
Positioning the child side-lying is the priority action. This position helps maintain an open airway and allows any vomit or secretions to drain out of the mouth, reducing the risk of aspiration.
Choice C rationale
Placing a pillow under the child’s head can provide comfort and prevent head injury during a seizure. However, it is not the priority action. The primary concern is to maintain the child’s airway and prevent aspiration.
Choice D rationale
Clearing the area of hazards is important to prevent injury during a seizure. However, it is not the priority action. The primary concern is to maintain the child’s airway and prevent aspiration.