A nurse is caring for a preschooler who is the hospital for sickle cell disease. Which of the following should the nurse identify as an expected behavior of a preschool-age-child?
Describing manifestations of the illness.
Relating fears to magical thinking
Awareness of body function.
Understanding cause of illness
The Correct Answer is B
A. Describing manifestations of the illness: Preschoolers lack the cognitive ability to describe symptoms in detail.
B. Relating fears to magical thinking: Magical thinking is characteristic of preschoolers, and they may associate illness with punishment or fantastical causes.
C. Awareness of body function: This is more typical of school-age children, not preschoolers.
D. Understanding cause of illness: Preschoolers do not have the cognitive development to understand illness causation fully.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "Get the child tested for Reye's syndrome if the child exhibits fever, vomiting, and lethargy.": While these are symptoms of Reye's syndrome, prevention focuses on avoiding triggers like salicylates during viral illnesses, not merely recognizing symptoms.
B. "Use aspirin instead of acetaminophen for children with viral illness.": Aspirin increases the risk of Reye's syndrome in children with viral illnesses.
C. "Advise parents to have their children immunized against Reye's syndrome.": There is no vaccine for Reye's syndrome; prevention relies on avoiding salicylate use during viral infections.
D. "Avoid giving salicylate-containing medications to a child who has a viral syndrome.": Salicylates, such as aspirin, are the primary risk factor for Reye's syndrome, so avoidance is critical.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
A. Dropping held object: Loss of motor activity during absence seizures may result in dropping objects.
B. Loss of consciousness: Absence seizures involve brief, sudden loss of consciousness without convulsions.
C. Falling to the floor: This is associated with atonic or tonic-clonic seizures, not absence seizures.
D. Appearance of daydreaming: A hallmark of absence seizures is the "staring spell" or daydream-like appearance.