A nurse is caring for a preschooler who is the hospital for sickle cell disease. Which of the following should the nurse identify as an expected behavior of a preschool-age-child?
Describing manifestations of the illness.
Relating fears to magical thinking
Awareness of body function.
Understanding cause of illness
The Correct Answer is B
A. Describing manifestations of the illness: Preschoolers lack the cognitive ability to describe symptoms in detail.
B. Relating fears to magical thinking: Magical thinking is characteristic of preschoolers, and they may associate illness with punishment or fantastical causes.
C. Awareness of body function: This is more typical of school-age children, not preschoolers.
D. Understanding cause of illness: Preschoolers do not have the cognitive development to understand illness causation fully.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Cough: A cough is more commonly associated with respiratory infections, not meningitis.
B. Joint pain: Joint pain is not a primary symptom of meningitis but may occur in other conditions.
C. Fever: Fever is a hallmark symptom of meningitis, reflecting the body’s immune response to infection.
D. Abdominal pain: Abdominal pain is not typically associated with meningitis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Depressed anterior fontanel: A depressed fontanel is typically associated with dehydration, not meningitis.
B. High-pitched cry: A high-pitched cry is a classic symptom of meningitis in infants, often associated with increased ICP.
C. Constipation: Meningitis is more likely to cause irritability and feeding difficulties than constipation.
D. Presence of the rooting reflex: The rooting reflex is normal in a 4-month-old and does not specifically indicate meningitis.