A nurse is caring for a preschooler who is the hospital for sickle cell disease. Which of the following should the nurse identify as an expected behavior of a preschool-age-child?
Describing manifestations of the illness.
Relating fears to magical thinking
Awareness of body function.
Understanding cause of illness
The Correct Answer is B
A. Describing manifestations of the illness: Preschoolers lack the cognitive ability to describe symptoms in detail.
B. Relating fears to magical thinking: Magical thinking is characteristic of preschoolers, and they may associate illness with punishment or fantastical causes.
C. Awareness of body function: This is more typical of school-age children, not preschoolers.
D. Understanding cause of illness: Preschoolers do not have the cognitive development to understand illness causation fully.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Preschool children experience fear related to the disease process. While preschool children may fear pain or separation, this statement does not directly address their perception of death.
B. Preschool children understand death completely. Preschool children do not fully understand the permanence of death; this comprehension develops later.
C. Preschool children have no concept of death. Preschoolers have some concept of death but often see it as temporary or reversible.
D. Preschool children perceive death as temporary. Preschool-aged children often view death as temporary, like sleeping, due to their limited understanding of its finality.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV): This vaccine is generally completed before the age of 5, so it is not typically administered at this stage.
B. Hepatitis B (HBV): The HBV series is usually completed during infancy and early childhood, so it is not needed at 5 years if the child is up to date.
C. Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib): Hib is typically completed by 18 months of age and is not required for pre-kindergarten.
D. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR): A second dose of MMR is typically required at 4-6 years, aligning with pre-kindergarten vaccination schedules.