A nurse is caring for a patient with HELLP syndrome.
Which of the following findings are consistent with a diagnosis of HELLP syndrome?
Elevated WBC count.
Elevated platelet count.
Decreased BUN.
Elevated liver enzymes.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Elevated WBC count is not typically associated with HELLP syndrome. HELLP syndrome involves hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count.
Choice B rationale
Elevated platelet count is not a feature of HELLP syndrome. In fact, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) is a hallmark of the condition.
Choice C rationale
Decreased BUN is not a characteristic of HELLP syndrome. The syndrome primarily affects liver function and platelets.
Choice D rationale
Elevated liver enzymes are a key diagnostic feature of HELLP syndrome, reflecting liver dysfunction and damage, which is part of the condition's pathology. .
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
External fetal monitors are non-invasive and do not pose a risk of transmitting HIV from mother to baby. They are considered safe for monitoring fetal well-being in an HIV-positive mother.
Choice B rationale
Administering antiviral medication is essential in reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. It's a standard care practice for managing HIV-positive pregnant women.
Choice C rationale
Preparing for a caesarean section may be recommended to reduce the risk of vertical transmission of HIV during delivery, especially if the viral load is high.
Choice D rationale
Internal fetal scalp electrodes are contraindicated because they can create a portal for HIV transmission from mother to baby through small abrasions or punctures on the fetal scalp.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A newborn who is 26 hours post-delivery and has had no urine output needs immediate attention. Lack of urine output for over 24 hours may indicate dehydration or renal issues. Immediate medical evaluation is required to identify underlying conditions and prevent complications such as acute kidney injury or sepsis.
Choice B rationale
Acrocyanosis, characterized by blueish discoloration of the extremities, is common in newborns during the first 24-48 hours of life and usually resolves on its own. It occurs due to immature blood circulation and is generally not a cause for concern.
Choice C rationale
Failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours can be a sign of conditions like Hirschsprung's disease or cystic fibrosis, but it is not as immediately concerning as anuria (no urine output). Monitoring and further evaluation are necessary, but it does not require urgent provider notification.
Choice D rationale
A blood glucose level of 50 mg/dL in a newborn is within the lower limit of normal. While it's important to monitor, it does not necessitate immediate provider notification unless it continues to drop or other symptoms arise.