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A nurse is caring for a newborn client. The assessment findings include a high-pitched cry, increased muscle tone, frequent yawning, poor feeding with projectile vomiting, and tachypnea.
What condition does the nurse suspect?

A.

Hyperbilirubinemia.

B.

Neonatal abstinence syndrome.

C.

Respiratory distress syndrome.

D.

Necrotizing enterocolitis.

E.

Necrotizing enterocolitis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

Hyperbilirubinemia presents with jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) and is caused by excess bilirubin in the blood. It doesn't typically involve a high-pitched cry, increased

muscle tone, or projectile vomiting.

 

Choice B rationale

Neonatal abstinence syndrome occurs in newborns exposed to addictive opiate drugs while in the mother’s womb. Symptoms include high-pitched crying, increased muscle tone,

yawning, poor feeding with vomiting, and tachypnea due to drug withdrawal.

 

Choice C rationale

Respiratory distress syndrome is primarily characterized by breathing difficulties, including rapid, shallow breathing and a grunting sound. Symptoms do not typically include high-

pitched cry or projectile vomiting.

 

Choice D rationale

Necrotizing enterocolitis involves severe inflammation and necrosis of the intestines. Symptoms include abdominal distension, vomiting bile, bloody stools, and apnea but not a high-

pitched cry or increased muscle tone.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Increasing the rate of infusion of IV oxytocin in the presence of abnormal fetal heart rate decelerations is contraindicated. It may exacerbate uterine hyperstimulation, further compromising fetal oxygenation.

Choice B rationale

Decreasing the rate of infusion of the maintenance IV solution will not address the issue of uterine hyperstimulation or abnormal fetal heart rate decelerations. The focus should be on managing oxytocin administration.

Choice C rationale

Discontinuing the infusion of IV oxytocin is appropriate due to uterine tachysystole and associated fetal heart rate decelerations. This helps reduce uterine contractions and allows for fetal recovery, improving oxygenation.

Choice D rationale

Slowing the client's rate of breathing is not related to managing uterine contractions or fetal heart rate decelerations. The intervention should directly address the cause of the decelerations, which is oxytocin-induced hyperstimulation. .

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Blue coloring of the hands and feet in an 8-hour-old newborn (acrocyanosis) is a common, benign finding as the newborn’s circulatory system adjusts post-birth. It does not require immediate intervention.

Choice B rationale

Small raised pearly spots on the nose (milia) are harmless and common in newborns. They do not necessitate any intervention.

Choice C rationale

An apical heart rate of 140 bpm is within the normal range for newborns and does not require intervention.

Choice D rationale

Nasal flaring and grunting are signs of respiratory distress in a newborn. This condition demands immediate intervention to ensure the newborn’s airway is clear and breathing is adequately supported.

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