A nurse is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should monitor which of the following clients for manifestations of hypokalemia? (Select all that apply.)
A client taking prednisone.
A client taking torsemide.
A client taking polystyrene sulfonate.
A client taking spironolactone.
A client taking hydrochlorothiazide.
Correct Answer : A,B,C,E
Choice A rationale
Prednisone, a corticosteroid, can cause hypokalemia by increasing renal potassium excretion.
Choice B rationale
Torsemide, a loop diuretic, can lead to hypokalemia by promoting potassium loss through urine.
Choice C rationale
Polystyrene sulfonate is used to treat hyperkalemia, but it can cause hypokalemia as it removes potassium from the body.
Choice D rationale
A client taking spironolactone does not require monitoring for hypokalemia because spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic. It helps the body retain potassium, so it is more likely to cause hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) than hypokalemia.
Choice E rationale
Hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic, can cause hypokalemia by increasing potassium excretion in the urine.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is an adverse effect of simvastatin therapy. Statins, including simvastatin, can cause liver damage, which is indicated by elevated liver enzymes such as ALT2.
Choice B rationale
Elevated troponin T is not typically associated with simvastatin therapy. Troponin T is a marker for cardiac muscle damage, not a common adverse effect of statins.
Choice C rationale
Elevated WBC count is not a known adverse effect of simvastatin therapy. An elevated WBC count usually indicates an infection or inflammation.
Choice D rationale
Elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is not associated with simvastatin therapy. TSH levels are related to thyroid function, not the effects of statins.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Folic acid is not primarily used to stimulate the immune system. Its main role is in the production of red blood cells and DNA synthesis.
Choice B rationale
Folic acid does not increase the absorption of other medications. It is used to prevent and treat folate deficiency.
Choice C rationale
Folic acid is not used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia. It is important for cell growth and the production of red blood cells.
Choice D rationale
Folic acid is crucial for the building of blood cells and is especially important during periods of rapid cell division, such as pregnancy.