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A nurse is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should monitor which of the following clients for manifestations of hypokalemia? (Select all that apply.)

A.

A client taking prednisone.

B.

A client taking torsemide.

C.

A client taking polystyrene sulfonate.

D.

A client taking spironolactone.

E.

A client taking hydrochlorothiazide.

Question Solution

Correct Answer : A,B,C,E

Choice A rationale


Prednisone, a corticosteroid, can cause hypokalemia by increasing renal potassium excretion.


Choice B rationale


Torsemide, a loop diuretic, can lead to hypokalemia by promoting potassium loss through urine.


Choice C rationale


Polystyrene sulfonate is used to treat hyperkalemia, but it can cause hypokalemia as it removes potassium from the body.


Choice D rationale


A client taking spironolactone does not require monitoring for hypokalemia because spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic. It helps the body retain potassium, so it is more likely to cause hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) than hypokalemia.


Choice E rationale


Hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic, can cause hypokalemia by increasing potassium excretion in the urine.


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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Asthma is not a contraindication for sumatriptan. Sumatriptan is a selective serotonin receptor agonist used to treat migraines by constricting blood vessels in the brain. It does not have a significant impact on respiratory conditions like asthma.

Choice B rationale

Kidney disease is not a contraindication for sumatriptan. However, caution is advised when using sumatriptan in patients with severe renal impairment due to potential accumulation of the drug and its metabolites.

Choice C rationale

Rheumatoid arthritis is not a contraindication for sumatriptan. Sumatriptan’s mechanism of action does not interfere with the inflammatory processes involved in rheumatoid arthritis.

Choice D rationale

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a contraindication for sumatriptan. Sumatriptan can cause vasoconstriction of coronary arteries, which can exacerbate CAD and increase the risk of myocardial infarction or other cardiac events.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Asking the client to describe their concerns allows the nurse to understand the client’s perspective and address any misconceptions or fears they may have about the influenza immunization.

Choice B rationale

Contacting the provider is important but should be done after understanding the client’s concerns to provide a comprehensive report.

Choice C rationale

Providing education is essential but should follow understanding the client’s specific concerns to tailor the information effectively.

Choice D rationale

Documenting the refusal is necessary but should be done after addressing the client’s concerns and providing education.

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