A nurse is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should monitor which of the following clients for manifestations of hypokalemia? (Select all that apply.)
A client taking prednisone.
A client taking torsemide.
A client taking polystyrene sulfonate.
A client taking spironolactone.
A client taking hydrochlorothiazide.
Correct Answer : A,B,C,E
Choice A rationale
Prednisone, a corticosteroid, can cause hypokalemia by increasing renal potassium excretion.
Choice B rationale
Torsemide, a loop diuretic, can lead to hypokalemia by promoting potassium loss through urine.
Choice C rationale
Polystyrene sulfonate is used to treat hyperkalemia, but it can cause hypokalemia as it removes potassium from the body.
Choice D rationale
A client taking spironolactone does not require monitoring for hypokalemia because spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic. It helps the body retain potassium, so it is more likely to cause hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) than hypokalemia.
Choice E rationale
Hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic, can cause hypokalemia by increasing potassium excretion in the urine.
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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Contacting the provider is essential to inform them of the error and receive further instructions on managing the client’s condition.
Choice B rationale
Reporting the error to the charge nurse is necessary for proper documentation and to ensure that corrective actions are taken to prevent future errors.
Choice C rationale
Incident reports should not be placed in the client’s chart. They are for internal use to improve safety and quality of care.
Choice D rationale
Auscultating the client’s lungs is important to check for signs of fluid overload, such as crackles or wheezing.
Choice E rationale
Checking for peripheral edema helps assess the extent of fluid overload and its impact on the client’s condition.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Metoclopramide is not used to suppress cough. It is primarily used to treat nausea, vomiting, and gastroparesis.
Choice B rationale
Metoclopramide does not have a primary effect on muscle relaxation. Its main action is to increase gastrointestinal motility.
Choice C rationale
Reduced nausea is a primary outcome for evaluating the effectiveness of metoclopramide. It is commonly prescribed to manage nausea and vomiting.
Choice D rationale
Metoclopramide is not typically used to decrease pain. Its primary indications are related to gastrointestinal symptoms.