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A nurse is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should monitor which of the following clients for manifestations of hypokalemia? (Select all that apply.)

A.

A client taking prednisone.

B.

A client taking torsemide.

C.

A client taking polystyrene sulfonate.

D.

A client taking spironolactone.

E.

A client taking hydrochlorothiazide.

Question Solution

Correct Answer : A,B,C,E

Choice A rationale


Prednisone, a corticosteroid, can cause hypokalemia by increasing renal potassium excretion.


Choice B rationale


Torsemide, a loop diuretic, can lead to hypokalemia by promoting potassium loss through urine.


Choice C rationale


Polystyrene sulfonate is used to treat hyperkalemia, but it can cause hypokalemia as it removes potassium from the body.


Choice D rationale


A client taking spironolactone does not require monitoring for hypokalemia because spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic. It helps the body retain potassium, so it is more likely to cause hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) than hypokalemia.


Choice E rationale


Hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic, can cause hypokalemia by increasing potassium excretion in the urine.


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Correct Answer is E

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Hypercalcemia is not typically a risk in the emergency department unless the patient has a specific condition that causes elevated calcium levels.

Choice B rationale

Hypotension can occur in the emergency department, especially in cases of shock or severe dehydration, but it is not the most common risk.

Choice C rationale

Hypokalemia can occur, particularly in patients with certain medical conditions or those taking diuretics, but it is not the most common risk.

Choice D rationale

Hypernatremia can occur, especially in patients with dehydration or certain medical conditions, but it is not the most common risk.

Choice E rationale

Hypoglycemia is a common risk in the emergency department, especially in patients with diabetes or those who have not eaten for an extended period.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Weight gain is not a common side effect of pramlintide. Monitoring for hypoglycemia is more critical.

Choice B rationale

Pramlintide can cause hypoglycemia, especially within 3 hours after administration. Monitoring for hypoglycemia is essential.

Choice C rationale

Pramlintide should be injected into the abdomen or thigh, not the upper arm.

Choice D rationale

Pramlintide should be administered immediately before a meal, not 30 minutes prior.

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