A nurse is caring for a client with peripheral artery disease who has an arterial ulcer. Which of the following best describes the mechanism for developing the clinical problem?
Swelling of the lower extremity can create a wound that is difficult to heal.
Decreased blood flow to the area can cause the wound and decrease the healing.
Lower extremity compression stockings likely caused the wound to occur.
Increased blood sugar associated with the condition is likely the cause of the wound not healing.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Swelling of the lower extremity can create a wound that is difficult to heal. Swelling typically relates to venous ulcers, not arterial ulcers, which are caused by reduced blood flow.
B. Decreased blood flow to the area can cause the wound and decrease the healing. Peripheral artery disease causes decreased blood flow, leading to poor oxygenation and slow healing of arterial ulcers.
C. Lower extremity compression stockings likely caused the wound to occur. Compression stockings are used in venous insufficiency and do not cause arterial ulcers.
D. Increased blood sugar associated with the condition is likely the cause of the wound not healing. While high blood sugar can impair healing, decreased blood flow is the primary cause of arterial ulcers in PAD.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "Your heart condition is caused from stiffening of the walls of the ventricles." Stiffening of the ventricular walls describes restrictive cardiomyopathy, not DCM.
B. "Your heart condition is caused by excessive stretching of the ventricles." DCM involves excessive stretching and thinning of the ventricular walls, leading to impaired contraction.
C. "Your heart condition is caused when the ventricular tissue becomes fibrous and fatty." This describes arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, not DCM.
D. "Your heart condition is caused by thickening of the ventricular walls and septum." This describes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, not DCM.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "I will avoid crossing my legs at the knees." Crossing the legs can restrict blood flow and should be avoided in PVD.
B. "I will use a thermometer to check the temperature of my bath water." Due to reduced sensation, checking the water temperature can prevent burns.
C. "I will not go barefoot." Going barefoot increases the risk of injury or infection, especially with impaired circulation.
D. "I will wear stockings with elastic tops." Stockings with tight elastic tops can restrict blood flow, worsening symptoms in PVD.