A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia. The nurse should expect to administer which of the following priority treatments? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
Administer calcium binders
Administer vitamin D supplements
Administer fluids up to 3000 ml/day
Administer Furosemide (Lasix) per orders
Administer oral phosphates
Correct Answer : A,C,D
A. Calcium binders are used to help decrease the amount of calcium absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, thus lowering calcium levels in the blood.
B. Vitamin D supplements would actually increase calcium levels by enhancing intestinal absorption, so this option is not appropriate in hypercalcemia.
C. Administering fluids helps to dilute serum calcium levels and promote renal excretion of calcium, making it a priority treatment.
D. Furosemide (Lasix) can help promote diuresis, thereby increasing the excretion of calcium through the urine, which is beneficial in managing hypercalcemia.
E. Oral phosphates may be used in some cases to manage hypercalcemia, but they are not a first-line treatment and their administration should be carefully considered in conjunction with other treatments.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hypotension is not typically associated with adrenal cortex hyperfunction; in fact, patients may experience hypertension due to excess cortisol and aldosterone.
B. Dehydration is more common with adrenal insufficiency than hyperfunction, as excess hormone production often leads to fluid retention.
C. Hyponatremia is generally not a concern with adrenal cortex hyperfunction; clients may experience hypernatremia instead due to fluid retention.
D. Hypokalemia is a significant risk in clients with adrenal cortex hyperfunction, especially due to the effects of excessive aldosterone, which promotes sodium retention and potassium excretion.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Chvostek's sign, a facial muscle spasm upon tapping, is a clinical indicator of hypocalcemia, often caused by accidental removal or damage to the parathyroid glands during thyroid surgery.
B. Hypercalcemia does not typically cause a positive Chvostek’s sign.
C. Hypokalemia affects muscle and cardiac function but does not result in a positive Chvostek’s sign.
D. Hyponatremia does not produce Chvostek's sign, which is specific to hypocalcemia.