A nurse is caring for a client with Cushing's syndrome. Which assessment findings would the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
Purple striae
Moon face
Bronze pigmentation
Buffalo hump
Poor wound healing
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
Rationale:
A. Purple striae (stretch marks) are common in Cushing's syndrome due to skin thinning and the redistribution of fat.
B. A "moon face" is a classic sign of Cushing's syndrome, caused by fat deposition in the face.
C. Bronze pigmentation is associated with Addison's disease, not Cushing's syndrome.
D. A "buffalo hump," or fat accumulation on the upper back, is another characteristic feature of Cushing's syndrome.
E. Poor wound healing is expected in Cushing's syndrome due to the effects of prolonged exposure to high cortisol levels, which impair immune function and tissue repair.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Smoking cessation is the most effective measure for preventing chronic bronchitis, as smoking is the leading cause of this condition.
B. Regular moderate exercise is beneficial for overall health and respiratory function but is not as directly effective in preventing chronic bronchitis as smoking cessation.
C. Maintaining an ideal weight is important for overall health but does not directly prevent chronic bronchitis.
D. Annual influenza immunization helps prevent respiratory infections that could exacerbate chronic bronchitis but does not prevent the development of the disease itself.
Correct Answer is ["B","E","F"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. The vital signs are stable and within normal limits. The slight drop in blood pressure post-dialysis is expected and not immediately concerning.
B. The client's weight decreased from 90 kg (198 lb) to 86.4 kg (190 lb) after dialysis. While weight loss is expected due to fluid removal during dialysis, this significant decrease (3.6 kg or approximately 8 lb) may need closer monitoring to ensure the client is not becoming dehydrated or losing more fluid than is safe.
C. The blood glucose levels are within an acceptable range for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The slight decrease from 134 mg/dL to 75 mg/dL is not unusual given the time between measurements and the client's food intake.
D. The presence of a bruit and thrill at the AV fistula site indicates that it is functioning correctly, which is an expected finding.
E. The presence of crackles in the left lower lobe and an unproductive cough on the morning of Day 2 is concerning. These symptoms could indicate fluid overload or early signs of pulmonary edema, which require further evaluation and possible intervention.
F. The AV fistula site is noted to be ecchymotic and warm, with a bruit and thrill still present. While a bruit and thrill are expected findings, the ecchymosis and warmth could indicate a developing infection or trauma at the site, which necessitates further follow-up to prevent complications.