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A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of a vaginal fistula.
The client states, "I don't understand how I got this.”. Which of the following is a potential cause of a vaginal fistula?

A.

Open heart surgery.

B.

Tissue trauma from childbirth.

C.

Diabetes mellitus.

D.

Preeclampsia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

Open heart surgery is unrelated to the development of vaginal fistulas.

 

Choice B rationale

Tissue trauma from childbirth can cause vaginal fistulas, as prolonged labor or obstetric interventions can damage vaginal tissue and lead to fistula formation.

 

Choice C rationale

Diabetes mellitus does not directly cause vaginal fistulas, although it can affect overall tissue health and healing.

 

Choice D rationale

Preeclampsia, while a serious pregnancy complication, is not a direct cause of vaginal fistulas.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

External fetal monitors are non-invasive and do not pose a risk of transmitting HIV from mother to baby. They are considered safe for monitoring fetal well-being in an HIV-positive mother.

Choice B rationale

Administering antiviral medication is essential in reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. It's a standard care practice for managing HIV-positive pregnant women.

Choice C rationale

Preparing for a caesarean section may be recommended to reduce the risk of vertical transmission of HIV during delivery, especially if the viral load is high.

Choice D rationale

Internal fetal scalp electrodes are contraindicated because they can create a portal for HIV transmission from mother to baby through small abrasions or punctures on the fetal scalp.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Uteroplacental insufficiency typically results in late decelerations, not a sudden drop in fetal heart rate, which is more commonly caused by umbilical cord compression.

Choice B rationale

Umbilical cord compression can cause variable decelerations, which are characterized by a sudden drop in fetal heart rate. This occurs due to the umbilical cord being compressed,

leading to decreased blood flow and oxygen to the fetus.

Choice C rationale

Maternal bradycardia refers to a slow maternal heart rate and does not directly cause changes in the fetal heart rate pattern.

Choice D rationale

Fetal head compression typically causes early decelerations, which are gradual decreases in fetal heart rate that occur with contractions and are usually benign.

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