A nurse is caring for a client whose serum potassium level is 5.3 mEq/L. Which of the following scheduled medications should the nurse plan to administer?
Digoxin
Lisinopril
Potassium iodide
Furosemide
The Correct Answer is D
A. Digoxin: Digoxin requires caution with elevated potassium levels, as hyperkalemia can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity. A potassium level of 5.3 mEq/L is borderline high, so it should be used cautiously.
B. Lisinopril: Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can also increase potassium levels. It may not be the best choice for this client due to the elevated potassium.
C. Potassium iodide: Potassium iodide would further increase the client's potassium level and is contraindicated.
D. Furosemide: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can help to lower serum potassium levels by promoting potassium excretion. Therefore, it is appropriate for this client with an elevated potassium level.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "Gradually decrease the dose once tolerance to the effect is reached." Tolerance can develop over time, but this approach is not the most effective or safest way to manage sedation.
B. "Take the medication with meals." Taking diphenhydramine with food may help with gastrointestinal side effects but does not reduce sedation.
C. "Distribute the doses evenly throughout the day." Distributing doses evenly may not effectively reduce sedation, as diphenhydramine has sedative effects regardless of timing.
D. "Take the daily dose at bedtime.” Taking diphenhydramine at bedtime can minimize daytime sedation, as the sedative effects will occur during sleep.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Vitamin K: Vitamin K is used for anticoagulant reversal, not for acetaminophen toxicity.
B. Flumazenil: Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine antagonist and is not indicated for acetaminophen overdose.
C. Acetylcysteine: Acetylcysteine is the antidote for acetaminophen toxicity, helping to replenish glutathione stores and prevent liver damage.
D. Atropine: Atropine is used for bradycardia or certain poisoning but is not relevant for acetaminophen toxicity.