A nurse is caring for a client whose family member requests to view the client’s medical record. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
The ethics committee will need to approve this request for you.
I will ask the nursing supervisor to obtain the medical records for you.
The healthcare provider will share this information with you.
The client must provide permission to share the records with you.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason:
The ethics committee does not typically handle requests for access to medical records. Their role is more focused on addressing ethical dilemmas and conflicts in patient care, rather than routine administrative tasks like granting access to medical records.
Choice B reason:
Asking the nursing supervisor to obtain the medical records for a family member is not appropriate without the client’s consent. Medical records are confidential and protected under laws such as HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act), which require patient authorization for disclosure.
Choice C reason:
The healthcare provider cannot share medical information with a family member without the client’s explicit permission. This is to ensure the privacy and confidentiality of the client’s health information.
Choice D reason:
The correct procedure is for the client to provide permission to share their medical records. Under HIPAA, a healthcare provider can only share a patient’s medical information with family members if the patient has given explicit consent. This ensures that the patient’s privacy rights are respected and that their health information is protected.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:
The Heimlich maneuver, also known as abdominal thrusts, is the recommended first aid technique for a conscious person who is choking. This maneuver helps to expel the object blocking the airway by using the air remaining in the lungs to force it out. The nurse should stand behind the person, place their arms around the person’s waist, make a fist with one hand, and place it just above the navel. The other hand should grasp the fist, and quick, upward thrusts should be performed until the object is expelled.
Choice B reason:
Slapping the client on the back several times is not the recommended first action for a conscious adult who is choking. While back blows can be effective, they are typically used in combination with abdominal thrusts and are more commonly recommended for infants. For adults, the Heimlich maneuver is preferred as the initial response.
Choice C reason:
Assisting the client to the floor and beginning mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is not appropriate for a conscious person who is choking. Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, or rescue breathing, is used when a person is not breathing and is unresponsive. In this scenario, the client is conscious but unable to speak, indicating a blocked airway that requires the Heimlich maneuver.
Choice D reason:
Observing the client before taking further action is not advisable in a choking emergency. Immediate intervention is crucial to prevent the situation from worsening. If the person is unable to speak, cough, or breathe, the Heimlich maneuver should be performed without delay.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Wiping from back to front is incorrect and can lead to contamination of the urine sample with bacteria from the anal area. The correct method is to wipe from front to back to reduce the risk of contamination.
Choice B reason:
Urinating a small amount in the toilet before collecting the sample is the correct procedure for obtaining a midstream urine specimen. This helps to flush out any bacteria or contaminants from the urethra, ensuring that the sample collected is as clean as possible.
Choice C reason:
Letting the urine cool to room temperature before sending it to the lab is incorrect. Urine samples should be sent to the lab as soon as possible after collection to ensure accurate results. If there is a delay, the sample should be refrigerated.
Choice D reason:
It is generally recommended to avoid collecting a urine sample during menstruation, as menstrual blood can contaminate the sample and affect the test results.