A nurse is caring for a client who was sexually assaulted. An assessment of the client indicates that they might have been exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which of the following questions is most important to ask the client?
Where did the assault occur?
Do you give us permission to call the police?
Who was the individual who assaulted you?
What day and time did the assault take place?
The Correct Answer is C
A. While knowing the location of the assault may be relevant for police reports, it does not directly pertain to the client’s health and potential exposure to HIV.
B. Permission to contact the police is important for legal reasons, but the priority is to address the client's health needs first.
C. Identifying the individual who assaulted the client is critical for assessing the risk of HIV exposure and determining the need for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). This question directly impacts the client’s immediate health care.
D. Understanding the day and time of the assault is useful for legal documentation but is less critical than assessing potential exposure to HIV.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Respiratory acidosis is indicated by the low pH (7.22) and elevated PaCO2 (68 mm Hg), demonstrating that CO2 is retained due to hypoventilation (as seen with a respiratory rate of 7/min). The bicarbonate level is within normal range, suggesting no metabolic compensation is present.
B. Metabolic acidosis would be indicated by a low pH and low bicarbonate level, which is not the case here since the bicarbonate is normal at 26 mEq/L.
C. Metabolic alkalosis would present with a high pH and high HCO3, which does not match these values.
D. Respiratory alkalosis would show a high pH and low PaCO2, which is contrary to the provided ABG results.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Binding is the initial step where the HIV virus attaches to the CD4 receptor on the host cell's surface. This interaction is crucial for the subsequent entry of the virus into the host cell.
B. Integration occurs later in the lifecycle, after the virus has entered the host cell and its RNA is converted to DNA.
C. Fusion refers to the process where the viral envelope fuses with the host cell membrane to allow entry into the cell, which follows the binding stage.
D. Reverse Transcription is the process of converting viral RNA into DNA after the virus has entered the host cell, and is not involved in the attachment phase.