A nurse is caring for a client who recently had a stroke. The client requires assistance with strengthening the affected side. Which of the following referrals should the nurse anticipate the provider to make?
Respiratory therapist
Occupational therapist
Physical therapist
Social worker
The Correct Answer is C
A. A respiratory therapist focuses on breathing and airway management, which is not the primary concern for a client needing strengthening after a stroke.
B. An occupational therapist helps clients with daily living activities and fine motor skills, but the focus on strengthening the affected side is more specific to physical therapy.
C. A physical therapist specializes in developing and implementing exercise programs to strengthen muscles and improve mobility, making this the most appropriate referral for the client's needs.
D. A social worker assists with emotional and social needs but would not focus on physical rehabilitation after a stroke.
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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Family history is a non-modifiable risk factor as it cannot be changed or controlled.
B. A sedentary lifestyle is a modifiable risk factor; increasing physical activity can reduce the risk of heart disease.
C. Smoking is a modifiable risk factor; quitting smoking can significantly decrease the risk of heart disease.
D. Diabetes can be managed and controlled through lifestyle changes and medication, making it a modifiable risk factor.
E. Hypertension is also a modifiable risk factor; it can be managed through diet, exercise, and medication.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The ascending tract of the spinal cord transmits sensory information to the brain, but it does not process it; processing occurs in the brain itself.
B. This statement accurately describes the function of the descending tracts, which carry motor commands from the central nervous system (CNS) to the muscles, facilitating movement.
C. Sensory receptors are located in various tissues throughout the body, including the skin, not just in the muscles.
D. Motor neurons are not found in the dermal layer; they are located in the spinal cord and the peripheral nervous system, where they innervate muscles.