A nurse is caring for a client who receives furosemide to treat heart failure. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor for this client due to this medication?
Cortisol
Bicarbonate
Albumin
Potassium
The Correct Answer is D
A. Cortisol levels are not directly affected by furosemide; monitoring for adrenal function is not a priority.
B. Bicarbonate levels are not specifically monitored for clients on furosemide; this medication's main effect does not relate directly to bicarbonate balance.
C. Albumin levels are not primarily affected by furosemide; although low albumin can affect fluid status, it is not the critical monitoring focus.
D. Potassium levels should be monitored because furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to hypokalemia, which is a common and significant side effect due to increased renal excretion of potassium.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Encouraging oral intake may not be effective due to the patient's likely need for more rapid rehydration given his low blood pressure and heart rate.
B. A potassium-sparing diuretic is inappropriate in this situation, as the patient is already experiencing fluid loss and requires rehydration, not diuresis.
C. Restricting fluid intake would be contraindicated as the patient is in a state of dehydration and hypotension.
D. Administering an IV bolus of normal saline is the priority intervention to quickly restore fluid volume and improve blood pressure and hydration status.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. In the assembly stage, other proteins and enzymes are involved in the packaging of viral components into new virions, not integrase.
B. During the integration stage, integrase is essential as it inserts the newly formed viral DNA into the host's genome, enabling the virus to utilize the host's cellular machinery for replication.
C. Integrase does not participate in the entry stage; this stage is facilitated by other proteins that aid in the fusion of the virus with the host cell membrane.
D. Integrase is not involved in reverse transcription; that process is facilitated by the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which converts viral RNA into DNA.