A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving morphine. Which of the following assessments should the nurse perform first?
Mostly cloudy
Apical heart rate
Blood pressure
Respiratory rate
Level of consciousness
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Mostly cloudy: This option appears to be incorrectly stated. It does not pertain to a critical client assessment related to morphine administration.
B. Apical heart rate: Monitoring the heart rate is important, but respiratory depression is a more immediate and life-threatening concern with morphine administration, so it is not the first priority.
C. Blood pressure: Morphine can cause hypotension, but this is not as critical as respiratory depression, which must be assessed first in opioid administration.
D. Respiratory rate: The most critical assessment when administering morphine is the respiratory rate, as opioid medications like morphine can cause respiratory depression, which can be life-threatening if not addressed.
E. Level of consciousness: While important, changes in consciousness typically follow respiratory depression, so assessing the respiratory rate takes priority.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker that typically decreases heart rate rather than increases it. Therefore, an increased heart rate would not be a therapeutic response to this medication.
B. Verapamil works to lower blood pressure by inhibiting calcium influx into the vascular smooth muscle. An increase in blood pressure would not be an expected therapeutic outcome.
C. While verapamil may help with heart function, the primary therapeutic response is not specifically measured by decreased pulmonary congestion. This outcome may not be directly observable in the early treatment phases post-myocardial infarction.
D. Verapamil is effective in reducing anginal pain by decreasing myocardial oxygen demand through lowering heart rate and contractility. Thus, a decrease in anginal pain would be a direct therapeutic response to the medication.
Correct Answer is ["A","D"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Terazosin is indicated for the treatment of hypertension as it works by relaxing blood vessels, leading to lower blood pressure.
B. Terazosin is not indicated for heart failure; other medications are typically used to manage this condition.
C. Male pattern baldness is treated with other medications, such as finasteride, rather than terazosin.
D. Terazosin is also indicated for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH), as it helps alleviate urinary symptoms associated with this condition by relaxing the smooth muscles in the prostate and bladder neck.
E. Terazosin is not indicated for erectile dysfunction; it is primarily used for hypertension and BPH.