. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed diphenhydramine to relieve pruritus. The client asks the nurse how he can minimize the daytime sedation he is experiencing. Which of the following responses should the nurse give?
"Gradually decrease the dose once tolerance to the effect is reached."
"Take the medication with men is."
"Distribute the doses evenly throughout the day.”
"Take the daily dose at bedtime.”
The Correct Answer is D
A. "Gradually decrease the dose once tolerance to the effect is reached." Tolerance can develop over time, but this approach is not the most effective or safest way to manage sedation.
B. "Take the medication with meals." Taking diphenhydramine with food may help with gastrointestinal side effects but does not reduce sedation.
C. "Distribute the doses evenly throughout the day." Distributing doses evenly may not effectively reduce sedation, as diphenhydramine has sedative effects regardless of timing.
D. "Take the daily dose at bedtime.” Taking diphenhydramine at bedtime can minimize daytime sedation, as the sedative effects will occur during sleep.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Friction rub: A friction rub is usually associated with pleuritis, not atelectasis. Atelectasis involves the collapse of alveoli and does not produce this sound.
B. Decreasing respiratory rate: Atelectasis generally leads to an increased respiratory rate as the body compensates for decreased oxygenation.
C. Increasing dyspnea: Increasing dyspnea is common in atelectasis as collapsed alveoli reduce oxygen exchange, leading to shortness of breath and increased respiratory effort.
D. Facial flushing: Facial flushing is not typically associated with atelectasis; instead, atelectasis leads to signs of respiratory distress, such as dyspnea and possibly cyanosis.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "This is a common side effect with albuterol and will stop soon." Nervousness and shakiness are common side effects of albuterol due to its action as a bronchodilator and stimulant.
B. "You are having an allergic reaction, and I should notify the provider." The symptoms described are not indicative of an allergic reaction but rather a common side effect of the medication.
C. "The albuterol is probably interacting with another medication." While drug interactions can occur, the reported symptoms are typical side effects of albuterol.
D. "The albuterol is not working, and you will need another medication." The symptoms do not indicate that the medication is ineffective; they are more indicative of its stimulant effects.