A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed 15 units of NPH insulin to be administered at 0700. At which of the following times of day is most appropriate for the nurse to plan to offer a snack?
1500
0730
0900
1230
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. NPH insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin that peaks 6-8 hours after administration. Offering a snack at 1500 helps prevent hypoglycemia during the peak action of the insulin.
B. 0730 is too soon after the insulin administration, and the peak effect has not occurred yet.
C. 0900 is still early in the insulin's action, and hypoglycemia is unlikely at this time.
D. 1230 is during the early stages of NPH insulin's action, but hypoglycemia typically does not occur until the peak time later in the day.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Hyperparathyroidism leads to elevated calcium levels, which can cause bone demineralization, resulting in pathologic fractures due to weakened bones.
B. Fluid retention is more commonly associated with conditions like heart failure or renal issues, not hyperparathyroidism.
C. Dysphagia is not a typical complication of hyperparathyroidism and may be related to other gastrointestinal issues.
D. Impaired skin integrity is not directly linked to hyperparathyroidism, although immobility or other factors could contribute to skin issues.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Decreasing sodium intake is crucial in Cushing's disease due to the risk of fluid retention and hypertension associated with excess cortisol levels.
B. Increasing calorie intake is not typically recommended; managing weight and controlling calorie intake is often necessary.
C. Limiting potassium-rich foods is not appropriate, as patients with Cushing's disease often require adequate potassium to balance the effects of increased sodium and cortisol.
D. A balanced diet with adequate protein is important; focusing solely on carbohydrates at the expense of protein is not advisable for nutritional health.