A nurse is caring for a client who is in labor at 39 weeks of gestation. During the second stage of labor, the nurse observes early decelerations on the monitor tracing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Prepare for an emergency cesarean birth.
Assist the client to a knee-chest position.
Prepare the client for continuous internal monitoring.
Continue observing the fetal heart rate.
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Early decelerations are typically benign and often associated with head compression, not necessitating an emergency cesarean birth.
B. A knee-chest position is generally used for variable decelerations but is not indicated for early decelerations.
C. Continuous internal monitoring may be necessary in certain situations, but in the case of early decelerations, it is not an immediate intervention.
D. Early decelerations usually require continued monitoring without immediate intervention as they typically resolve spontaneously with contractions.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. A quick inhalation is not the correct technique; the child should take a slow, deep breath in while pressing down on the inhaler to ensure effective medication delivery.
B. Taking the medication 15 minutes before playing sports allows time for the medication to take effect, making this the best choice.
C. The mouthpiece should be cleaned more frequently, typically after each use, to prevent buildup of medication and bacteria.
D. Waiting 10 seconds between inhalations is generally advised; however, the more important instruction here is the timing of medication before sports.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is not nationally notifiable, though it can have significant effects, especially in pregnant women.
B. Foodborne botulism is a nationally notifiable condition due to its potential for widespread outbreaks and severe health consequences.
C. Erythema infectiosum, or fifth disease, is not a nationally notifiable disease, although it is recognized in clinical settings.
D. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is common and not considered a nationally notifiable infectious disease.