A nurse is caring for a client who is dying. The nurse should incorporate the principle of nonmaleficence into practice by taking which of the following actions?
Withholding a dose of narcotic pain medication when the client has respiratory depression
Discussing advance directives with the client and the client's family
Providing comfort care measures to the client
Allowing the client's family unlimited visitation at the time of death
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Withholding a dose of narcotic pain medication when there is respiratory depression aligns with nonmaleficence, as it prevents further harm by not exacerbating the client's respiratory issues.
B. Discussing advance directives is important but is more related to autonomy and respect for the client’s wishes rather than nonmaleficence.
C. Providing comfort care is a supportive measure but does not specifically address nonmaleficence in terms of preventing harm.
D. Allowing unlimited visitation respects family wishes but does not directly relate to the principle of nonmaleficence regarding the client’s immediate medical needs.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Assigning an RN to perform a central line dressing change is appropriate as it requires specialized skills and knowledge.
B. Assigning an AP to perform glucometer monitoring is within their scope of practice and is a suitable task.
C. Assigning two APs to ambulate clients is reasonable if the workload requires it.
D. Assigning a new graduate nurse to perform a wet-to-dry dressing change may be inappropriate if it requires more experience and skill than the new graduate has.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. "It is time to sign the consent so your treatment can begin." dismisses the client's valid question about alternative options and does not address their concern.
B. "Have you discussed other treatments with your provider?" is an appropriate response as it encourages the client to seek information about alternatives from their healthcare provider, who can offer comprehensive options and explanations.
C. "I can inform the surgeon you do not want the surgery." does not address the client's question about alternatives and assumes the client’s decision without further discussion.
D. "I would not have this type of surgery if I were you." is a personal opinion and is not appropriate for a nurse to provide, as it is not based on the client’s individual medical needs or informed consent principles.