A nurse is caring for a client who is dying. The nurse should incorporate the principle of nonmaleficence into practice by taking which of the following actions?
Withholding a dose of narcotic pain medication when the client has respiratory depression
Discussing advance directives with the client and the client's family
Providing comfort care measures to the client
Allowing the client's family unlimited visitation at the time of death
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Withholding a dose of narcotic pain medication when there is respiratory depression aligns with nonmaleficence, as it prevents further harm by not exacerbating the client's respiratory issues.
B. Discussing advance directives is important but is more related to autonomy and respect for the client’s wishes rather than nonmaleficence.
C. Providing comfort care is a supportive measure but does not specifically address nonmaleficence in terms of preventing harm.
D. Allowing unlimited visitation respects family wishes but does not directly relate to the principle of nonmaleficence regarding the client’s immediate medical needs.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Radiologic is correct as a "dirty bomb" (radiological dispersal device) involves the dispersal of radioactive materials.
B. Anthrax is a biological agent, not associated with a dirty bomb.
C. Chemical refers to a chemical weapon, which is not what a dirty bomb involves.
D. Sarin is a nerve agent, not related to the concept of a dirty bomb.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Dilated pupils are typically associated with stimulant use, not opioids.
B. Euphoria is a common effect of opioid use and can indicate misuse or diversion of these medications.
C. Rhinorrhea is usually associated with withdrawal from opioids rather than their use.
D. Hallucinations can occur with certain drugs but are less commonly associated with opioid use compared to euphoria.