A nurse is caring for a client who is dying. The nurse should incorporate the principle of nonmaleficence into practice by taking which of the following actions?
Withholding a dose of narcotic pain medication when the client has respiratory depression
Discussing advance directives with the client and the client's family
Providing comfort care measures to the client
Allowing the client's family unlimited visitation at the time of death
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Withholding a dose of narcotic pain medication when there is respiratory depression aligns with nonmaleficence, as it prevents further harm by not exacerbating the client's respiratory issues.
B. Discussing advance directives is important but is more related to autonomy and respect for the client’s wishes rather than nonmaleficence.
C. Providing comfort care is a supportive measure but does not specifically address nonmaleficence in terms of preventing harm.
D. Allowing unlimited visitation respects family wishes but does not directly relate to the principle of nonmaleficence regarding the client’s immediate medical needs.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. "I want you to review the facility's policy on personal attire before you begin the shift." does not address the specific concern regarding infection risk related to artificial nails.
B. "There is a higher risk of infection for our clients associated with artificial nails." provides a clear and factual explanation of why artificial nails are not appropriate, focusing on client safety rather than personal appearance or policy.
C. "Why would you wear artificial nails to work when you know it's against the rules?" is confrontational and does not address the issue in a constructive manner.
D. "You should know that artificial nails have a very unprofessional appearance." focuses on appearance rather than the potential risk to clients' health.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Identifying changes within the family unit can be important but is not the immediate priority for medical stabilization.
B. Gaining weight is a critical goal for clients with anorexia nervosa to address their physical health and nutritional status.
C. Making positive statements about body image is helpful but secondary to the goal of weight gain.
D. Feeling in control of behavior is important for long-term recovery but is not the immediate priority compared to physical health.