A nurse is caring for a client who is dying. The nurse should incorporate the principle of nonmaleficence into practice by taking which of the following actions?
Withholding a dose of narcotic pain medication when the client has respiratory depression
Discussing advance directives with the client and the client's family
Providing comfort care measures to the client
Allowing the client's family unlimited visitation at the time of death
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Withholding a dose of narcotic pain medication when there is respiratory depression aligns with nonmaleficence, as it prevents further harm by not exacerbating the client's respiratory issues.
B. Discussing advance directives is important but is more related to autonomy and respect for the client’s wishes rather than nonmaleficence.
C. Providing comfort care is a supportive measure but does not specifically address nonmaleficence in terms of preventing harm.
D. Allowing unlimited visitation respects family wishes but does not directly relate to the principle of nonmaleficence regarding the client’s immediate medical needs.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Identifying changes within the family unit can be important but is not the immediate priority for medical stabilization.
B. Gaining weight is a critical goal for clients with anorexia nervosa to address their physical health and nutritional status.
C. Making positive statements about body image is helpful but secondary to the goal of weight gain.
D. Feeling in control of behavior is important for long-term recovery but is not the immediate priority compared to physical health.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. False imprisonment involves restricting a person’s freedom of movement, not administering medication against their will.
B. Assault involves the threat of harm, not the actual administration of medication.
C. Battery is the intentional touching of another person without consent, which includes administering medication to a competent person who has refused it.
D. Negligence involves failure to meet the standard of care, but administering medication against a patient’s wishes is more accurately described as battery.