A nurse is caring for a client who is coming to the clinic for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing. The patient's enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results are positive. Which test will be used to confirm the diagnosis of HIV?
Quantitative RNA assay
Western blot analysis
Viral load test
CD4+ T-cell count
The Correct Answer is B
A. A quantitative RNA assay is used to measure the amount of HIV RNA in the blood and is not used for confirmatory diagnosis after a positive ELISA.
B. The Western blot analysis is the standard confirmatory test for HIV following a positive ELISA result, as it specifically detects the presence of antibodies to HIV proteins.
C. A viral load test assesses the level of virus in the blood but does not confirm the diagnosis of HIV.
D. The CD4+ T-cell count is used to assess immune function in individuals with HIV but is not a confirmatory test for the diagnosis of the virus.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Hemoglobin level is a key component of the CBC, reflecting the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
B. Blood glucose level is not part of the CBC; it is typically measured separately in metabolic panels or glucose tests.
C. White blood cell count is included in the CBC and is important for assessing the immune response.
D. Platelet count is also part of the CBC and is essential for evaluating clotting function.
E. Red blood cell count is included in the CBC and is crucial for assessing overall blood health and anemia status.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Fungal and bacterial infections can occur later as the immune system becomes compromised, but they are not initial symptoms of HIV infection.
B. Flu-like symptoms and night sweats are common initial manifestations of acute HIV infection, often occurring within 2-4 weeks after exposure.
C. Kaposi's sarcoma is a type of cancer associated with advanced HIV/AIDS and not an initial symptom of infection.
D. Pneumocystis lung infection typically occurs later in the course of HIV disease when the immune system is severely weakened, not during the initial infection stage.