A nurse is caring for a client who is at 9 weeks of gestation and reports nausea in the morning that continues until midafternoon.Which of the following actions should the nurse encourage the client to take?
Eat dry, bland foods in the morning.
Take an over-the-counter antacid.
Restrict fluids to 1,000 mL/day.
Increase intake of fresh fruits.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Eating dry, bland foods in the morning can help alleviate nausea by providing a gentle start to the digestive system. Bland foods like crackers or toast are less likely to irritate the stomach lining and can help absorb stomach acids, reducing the feeling of nausea.
Choice B rationale
Taking an over-the-counter antacid is not recommended for nausea during pregnancy unless prescribed by a healthcare provider. Antacids are typically used to neutralize stomach acid and relieve heartburn, not nausea.
Choice C rationale
Restricting fluids to 1,000 mL/day is not advisable as it can lead to dehydration. Adequate hydration is essential during pregnancy to support the increased blood volume and amniotic fluid.
Choice D rationale
Increasing the intake of fresh fruits is beneficial for overall health but may not specifically address nausea. Some fruits can be acidic and might worsen nausea in some individuals.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A Papanicolaou test, commonly known as a Pap smear, is used to detect cervical cancer and precancerous changes in the cervix. It does not detect herpes simplex type 1. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) testing is typically done through a swab of the lesion or blood tests to detect antibodies.
Choice B rationale
A glucose tolerance test is performed during pregnancy to screen for gestational diabetes, not to predict hyperglycemia in the baby. This test helps identify how well the mother’s body is managing glucose and ensures that both mother and baby remain healthy during pregnancy.
Choice C rationale
A multiple marker screening, also known as a triple or quad screen, is performed during pregnancy to identify potential neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, and chromosomal abnormalities like Down syndrome. This test measures specific substances in the mother’s blood to assess the risk of these conditions.
Choice D rationale
Group B streptococcus (GBS) screening is performed to detect the presence of GBS bacteria in the mother’s body, not to determine the presence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). GBS can cause serious infections in newborns, so it is important to identify and treat it before delivery.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Placing the client in the knee-chest position is not appropriate for managing hypotension caused by an epidural infusion. This position does not effectively improve blood pressure.
Choice B rationale
Administering methylergonovine IM is not appropriate for managing hypotension caused by an epidural infusion. Methylergonovine is used to manage postpartum hemorrhage, not hypotension.
Choice C rationale
Giving a bolus of lactated Ringer’s is the appropriate action to manage hypotension caused by an epidural infusion. This helps to increase blood volume and improve blood pressure.
Choice D rationale
Assisting the client to empty her bladder is important, but it is not the immediate priority in managing hypotension caused by an epidural infusion.