A nurse is caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and observes mild hand tremors. Which of the following snacks should the nurse offer the client after obtaining a glucometer reading of 60 mg/dL?
4 oz of regular soda
One to two oral glucose tablets
6 oz of milk
Three to four pieces of hard candy
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Regular soda provides a fast-acting source of glucose, which is essential for quickly raising blood sugar levels in a hypoglycemic event.
B. While oral glucose tablets are a good option, they may not act as quickly as soda in this case, especially if not immediately available.
C. Milk contains lactose, which takes longer to convert into glucose and is not ideal for rapidly raising blood glucose levels.
D. Hard candy can work, but soda is often faster in delivering glucose.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Hyperparathyroidism leads to elevated calcium levels, which can cause bone demineralization, resulting in pathologic fractures due to weakened bones.
B. Fluid retention is more commonly associated with conditions like heart failure or renal issues, not hyperparathyroidism.
C. Dysphagia is not a typical complication of hyperparathyroidism and may be related to other gastrointestinal issues.
D. Impaired skin integrity is not directly linked to hyperparathyroidism, although immobility or other factors could contribute to skin issues.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Drinking fluids is important to prevent dehydration, but it is not the priority over monitoring blood glucose levels.
B. Consuming carbohydrates is necessary to prevent hypoglycemia, but this is not the primary concern during illness.
C. Monitoring blood glucose levels every 4 hours is the priority action because blood glucose can fluctuate significantly during illness, increasing the risk of hyperglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis.
D. Taking the usual insulin dosage is essential, but it should be based on frequent glucose monitoring to adjust for illness-related changes in insulin requirements.