A nurse is caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and observes mild hand tremors. Which of the following snacks should the nurse offer the client after obtaining a glucometer reading of 60 mg/dL?
4 oz of regular soda
One to two oral glucose tablets
6 oz of milk
Three to four pieces of hard candy
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Regular soda provides a fast-acting source of glucose, which is essential for quickly raising blood sugar levels in a hypoglycemic event.
B. While oral glucose tablets are a good option, they may not act as quickly as soda in this case, especially if not immediately available.
C. Milk contains lactose, which takes longer to convert into glucose and is not ideal for rapidly raising blood glucose levels.
D. Hard candy can work, but soda is often faster in delivering glucose.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Rotating injection sites is essential to prevent lipodystrophy and ensure consistent insulin absorption.
B. Massaging the injection site is not recommended, as it can alter the absorption rate and lead to unpredictable blood glucose levels.
C. Insulin is absorbed most rapidly when injected into the abdomen, not the thigh.
D. Using cold insulin is not advised as it can cause more pain during the injection; room temperature insulin is typically more comfortable for injections.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Blood glucose levels should be checked every 3 to 4 hours during illness, not every 6 hours, due to the risk of hyperglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
B. Juices, soda, and gelatin are allowed during illness as they provide quick carbohydrates, especially if the client is unable to eat solid foods.
C. The client may need to adjust insulin dosages based on blood glucose readings during illness, rather than simply administering the usual dose.
D. The nurse should instruct the client to report a blood glucose level greater than 300 mg/dL because this could indicate DKA or the need for more aggressive treatment.