A nurse is caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and observes mild hand tremors. Which of the following snacks should the nurse offer the client after obtaining a glucometer reading of 60 mg/dL?
4 oz of regular soda
One to two oral glucose tablets
6 oz of milk
Three to four pieces of hard candy
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Regular soda provides a fast-acting source of glucose, which is essential for quickly raising blood sugar levels in a hypoglycemic event.
B. While oral glucose tablets are a good option, they may not act as quickly as soda in this case, especially if not immediately available.
C. Milk contains lactose, which takes longer to convert into glucose and is not ideal for rapidly raising blood glucose levels.
D. Hard candy can work, but soda is often faster in delivering glucose.
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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Sweating is a classic sign of hypoglycemia due to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system in response to low blood glucose levels.
B. Polydipsia (excessive thirst) is a symptom of hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia.
C. Tachycardia is a common symptom of hypoglycemia as the body responds to low glucose with increased adrenaline release.
D. Blurry vision can occur during hypoglycemia due to the effects of low glucose on the brain and eye function.
E. Polyuria (excessive urination) is associated with hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Normal pulse and respiratory rates do not indicate the expected tachycardia or Kussmaul respirations in DKA.
B. This option shows a slower heart rate, which is not typical of DKA where tachycardia is expected.
C. In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), clients typically exhibit tachycardia due to dehydration and deep, rapid Kussmaul respirations as the body attempts to correct the acidosis.
D. The vital signs in this option do not reflect the expected findings of DKA, such as tachycardia and deep respirations.