A nurse is caring for a client who has recurrent lower urinary tract infections (UTIs). Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
Ganciclovir
Amphotericin B
Azithromycin
Nitrofurantoin
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Ganciclovir: Ganciclovir is an antiviral medication used primarily to treat viral infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), not bacterial infections like UTIs.
B. Amphotericin B: Amphotericin B is an antifungal agent used to treat serious fungal infections, not bacterial UTIs.
C. Azithromycin: Azithromycin is an antibiotic that is effective against a broad range of bacterial infections but is not commonly used for treating recurrent UTIs.
D. Nitrofurantoin: Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic commonly used to prevent and treat recurrent lower urinary tract infections due to its efficacy in targeting the bacteria that typically cause UTIs.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Muscle rigidity of the extremities: This finding is more indicative of hyperkalemia or severe electrolyte imbalances but is not a common symptom of hypokalemia.
B. Bounding radial pulses: This finding is more associated with hypervolemia or hyperkalemia, not with hypokalemia caused by furosemide.
C. Depressed deep tendon reflexes: This is the correct response, as low potassium levels (hypokalemia) can lead to diminished reflexes due to its role in neuromuscular function.
D. Increased bowel motility: This is incorrect, as hypokalemia typically results in decreased bowel motility and may cause constipation rather than increased motility.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Acetylcysteine is not indicated for gastrointestinal bleeding; other treatments are used for that condition.
B. Acute bronchospasm is treated with bronchodilators rather than acetylcysteine.
C. Morphine toxicity requires other interventions, such as opioid antagonists (e.g., naloxone), and acetylcysteine is not effective in this case.
D. Acetylcysteine is specifically indicated for acetaminophen toxicity as it acts as an antidote, replenishing glutathione stores and preventing liver damage from toxic metabolites.