A nurse is caring for a client who has open-angle glaucoma and a new prescription for acetazolamide. Prior to administering the first dose, the nurse should ask the client if they have an allergy to which of the following medication classifications?
Nitrates
Sulfa-based medications
Mostly cloudy
Antilipemic agents
Proton pump inhibitors
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Nitrates: Nitrates are primarily used to manage angina or heart conditions and are unrelated to acetazolamide or its potential for allergic reactions.
B. Sulfa-based medications: Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that contains sulfonamide groups. Clients with a sulfa allergy may experience a cross-sensitivity reaction, so it's important to confirm any history of sulfa allergies before administration.
C. Mostly cloudy: This option does not relate to any medication classification and is incorrect.
D. Antilipemic agents: Antilipemics are used to lower cholesterol and are not related to acetazolamide or its potential for allergic reactions.
E. Proton pump inhibitors: Proton pump inhibitors are used to reduce stomach acid and do not have a known cross-sensitivity with acetazolamide.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Diazepam is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and sedation but is not effective for treating malignant hyperthermia.
B. Dantrolene is the specific antidote for malignant hyperthermia, and the nurse should expect to administer it to help reduce the severe muscle contractions and hypermetabolism associated with this condition.
C. Cyclobenzaprine is a muscle relaxant used for muscle spasms but is not indicated for malignant hyperthermia.
D. Metaxalone is also a muscle relaxant, but like cyclobenzaprine, it is not effective for managing malignant hyperthermia and would not be used in this situation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Delaying the incident report until the end of the current shift can compromise the timely documentation of the error and any necessary interventions that may arise.
B. While it's important to notify risk management, the priority should be to document the incident immediately after assessing the client to ensure a complete record of the error.
C. Completing the incident report as soon as the assessment is complete is the most appropriate action, allowing for prompt documentation of the error and any potential effects on patient care.
D. Informing the previous nurse is necessary for communication, but it should not delay the completion of the incident report, which is crucial for tracking errors and improving safety protocols.