A nurse is caring for a client who has open-angle glaucoma and a new prescription for acetazolamide. Prior to administering the first dose, the nurse should ask the client if they have an allergy to which of the following medication classifications?
Nitrates
Sulfa-based medications
Mostly cloudy
Antilipemic agents
Proton pump inhibitors
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Nitrates: Nitrates are primarily used to manage angina or heart conditions and are unrelated to acetazolamide or its potential for allergic reactions.
B. Sulfa-based medications: Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that contains sulfonamide groups. Clients with a sulfa allergy may experience a cross-sensitivity reaction, so it's important to confirm any history of sulfa allergies before administration.
C. Mostly cloudy: This option does not relate to any medication classification and is incorrect.
D. Antilipemic agents: Antilipemics are used to lower cholesterol and are not related to acetazolamide or its potential for allergic reactions.
E. Proton pump inhibitors: Proton pump inhibitors are used to reduce stomach acid and do not have a known cross-sensitivity with acetazolamide.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Diazepam is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and sedation but is not effective for treating malignant hyperthermia.
B. Dantrolene is the specific antidote for malignant hyperthermia, and the nurse should expect to administer it to help reduce the severe muscle contractions and hypermetabolism associated with this condition.
C. Cyclobenzaprine is a muscle relaxant used for muscle spasms but is not indicated for malignant hyperthermia.
D. Metaxalone is also a muscle relaxant, but like cyclobenzaprine, it is not effective for managing malignant hyperthermia and would not be used in this situation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Sargramostim is a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) used to stimulate the production of white blood cells but is not specifically indicated for anemia.
B. Filgrastim is a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) that increases white blood cell counts and is not used for treating anemia.
C. Epoetin is an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent that stimulates red blood cell production, making it the appropriate choice for treating chemotherapy-induced anemia.
D. Romiplostim is a thrombopoietin receptor agonist used to treat thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) and is not indicated for anemia.