A nurse is caring for a client who has hyperlipidemia and a new prescription for colesevelam. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations as an adverse effect of colesevelam?
Hyperglycemia.
Stomatitis.
Fever.
Constipation.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Hyperglycemia is not a common adverse effect of colesevelam. Colesevelam is primarily used to lower cholesterol levels and can also help control blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Choice B rationale
Stomatitis, or inflammation of the mouth, is not typically associated with colesevelam. This medication works in the intestines and is not absorbed into the bloodstream, so it does not commonly cause systemic side effects.
Choice C rationale
Fever is not a known adverse effect of colesevelam. The medication’s side effects are generally limited to the gastrointestinal system.
Choice D rationale
Constipation is a common adverse effect of colesevelam. This medication binds to bile acids in the intestines, which can lead to gastrointestinal side effects such as constipation.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that rapidly reverses the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression. It binds to opioid receptors and displaces the opioid molecules, reversing their effects.
Choice B rationale
Bisacodyl is a stimulant laxative used to treat constipation. It does not have any effect on opioid-induced respiratory depression.
Choice C rationale
Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine antagonist used to reverse the effects of benzodiazepines, not opioids. It is not effective in treating opioid-induced respiratory depression.
Choice D rationale
Pentazocine is an opioid agonist-antagonist used for pain relief. It does not reverse opioid-induced respiratory depression and can potentially worsen the condition.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Methimazole does not typically cause constipation. It is used to treat hyperthyroidism by inhibiting the production of thyroid hormones.
Choice B rationale
A sore throat can be a sign of agranulocytosis, a serious side effect of methimazole that involves a dangerously low white blood cell count. Patients are advised to contact their provider if they experience a sore throat.
Choice C rationale
While monitoring weight is important for patients with hyperthyroidism, it is not a specific instruction related to methimazole use.
Choice D rationale
Methimazole should be taken regularly as prescribed, not on an as-needed basis.