A nurse is caring for a client who has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which laboratory value should the nurse alert the provider of?
Positive Western blot test
CD4-T-cell count 180 cells/mm³ (Range: 500 to 1500 cells/mm³)
Platelets 150,000/mm³ (Range: 150,000-400,000 cells/mm³)
WBC 5,000/mm³ (Range: 5,000-10,000 cells/mm³)
The Correct Answer is B
A. A positive Western blot test indicates an HIV diagnosis, which is expected in a client with HIV and does not require urgent intervention.
B. A CD4-T-cell count of 180 cells/mm³ is significantly low (normal range: 500 to 1500 cells/mm³) and indicates severe immunosuppression, putting the client at increased risk for opportunistic infections, warranting immediate attention from the provider.
C. A platelet count of 150,000/mm³ is at the lower end of the normal range and does not typically require immediate intervention unless there are clinical symptoms associated.
D. A WBC count of 5,000/mm³ is within the normal range and does not indicate a need for urgent intervention.
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Correct Answer is ["B","E","F"]
Explanation
A. Bananas are not a significant source of vitamin B12.
B. Eggs are a good source of vitamin B12 and should be included in the diet of someone with a deficiency.
C. Spinach contains folate but is not a reliable source of vitamin B12.
D. Carrots are not a source of vitamin B12.
E. Beef is an excellent source of vitamin B12 and should be consumed to help correct the deficiency.
F. Milk is a good source of vitamin B12 and can help increase intake for clients with a deficiency.
G. Quinoa does not contain vitamin B12 and should not be relied upon for addressing this deficiency.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Increasing the consumption of protein-rich foods like baked salmon is beneficial for clients with AIDS, as they often require higher protein intake to support their immune system and overall health.
B. Eating raw fruits and vegetables can pose a risk for clients with compromised immune systems, as these foods may harbor pathogens that can lead to infections. This statement indicates a need for further education regarding safe food handling and preparation.
C. Washing plates and utensils with soap and hot water is a proper practice to maintain hygiene and prevent infections, especially for clients with weakened immune systems.
D. Asking a partner to clean the cat's litter box is a good precaution since cat litter can be a source of toxoplasmosis, which can be harmful to immunocompromised individuals.