A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking captopril for one year. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse review? (Select all that apply.)
Potassium level.
WBC with differential.
BUN level.
Hemoglobin level.
Glucose level.
Correct Answer : A,B,C
Choice A rationale
Potassium level should be reviewed because captopril can cause hyperkalemia due to its effect on aldosterone secretion.
Choice B rationale
WBC with differential should be reviewed because captopril can cause neutropenia or agranulocytosis, especially in patients with renal impairment or collagen vascular disease.
Choice C rationale
BUN level should be reviewed because captopril can affect renal function, leading to increased BUN levels.
Choice D rationale
Hemoglobin level is not typically affected by captopril, so it is not a priority for review.
Choice E rationale
Glucose level is not typically affected by captopril, so it is not a priority for review.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A standing prescription is an order that applies to all patients who meet certain criteria and is not specific to a single administration. It is used for routine treatments and does not apply to a one-time pre-transfusion medication.
Choice B rationale
A stat prescription is an urgent order that requires immediate administration, typically within minutes. It is used for emergency situations and does not apply to a pre-transfusion medication given one hour before the procedure.
Choice C rationale
A single prescription is a one-time order for a specific medication to be given at a specific time. In this case, diphenhydramine 50 mg by mouth once, one hour prior to transfusion, fits the definition of a single prescription.
Choice D rationale
A PRN (pro re nata) prescription is an order for medication to be given as needed based on the patient’s condition. It is not applicable to a scheduled pre-transfusion medication.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant used to control seizures and is not indicated for the treatment of adrenal insufficiency.
Choice B rationale
Calcitonin is used to treat conditions like osteoporosis and hypercalcemia, not adrenal insufficiency.
Choice C rationale
Buspirone is an anxiolytic used to treat anxiety disorders and is not used for adrenal insufficiency.
Choice D rationale
Fludrocortisone is a synthetic corticosteroid that is used to replace aldosterone in patients with adrenal insufficiency. It helps maintain sodium balance and blood pressure.