A nurse is caring for a client who has been newly diagnosed with schizophrenia. Which of the following findings is true regarding this disorder?
Biologically male clients are typically diagnosed earlier than biologically female clients.
Biologically female clients are likely to be diagnosed earlier than biologically born males.
Diagnosis commonly occurs in individuals under the age of 12.
People diagnosed with schizophrenia are more violent than others.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Schizophrenia is typically diagnosed earlier in males compared to females, with onset often occurring in late adolescence to early adulthood.
B. Biologically female clients are generally diagnosed later in life compared to males.
C. Schizophrenia is rarely diagnosed in individuals under the age of 12; it commonly presents in late adolescence or early adulthood.
D. People with schizophrenia are not necessarily more violent than others; rather, violence is not a defining characteristic of the disorder.
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Correct Answer is ["B","D","E","F"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. The ECG shows persistent sinus bradycardia on both December 1 and December 15. While sinus bradycardia is common in anorexia nervosa, its persistence may not necessarily reflect a therapeutic response.
B. The respiratory rate improved from 24/min to 20/min and the respirations are described as even and unlabored on December 15. This indicates a positive response to treatment.
C. The temperature data for December 15 is not provided. However, an increase toward normal temperature would indicate a therapeutic response, but without this data, we cannot confirm.
D. The weight increased from 34.5 kg (76 lb) to 37.2 kg (82 lb), which is a significant therapeutic improvement, reflecting progress in treatment.
E. The sodium level improved from 128 mEq/L to 130 mEq/L. Although the level is still slightly below normal, the upward trend indicates improvement.
F. The creatinine level decreased from 1.2 mg/dL to 0.9 mg/dL, showing improvement in kidney function and response to treatment.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Sore throat and muscle aches are common symptoms of agranulocytosis, a serious side effect of clozapine, indicating a potentially dangerous drop in white blood cells.
B. Severe restlessness is not a primary indicator of agranulocytosis but could be related to other side effects or symptoms.
C. Increased anxiety and suicidal ideations are not specific symptoms of agranulocytosis but can be related to psychiatric conditions or medication effects.
D. Respiratory depression and a comatose state are not typical signs of agranulocytosis and would indicate a more severe, different medical emergency.