A nurse is caring for a client who has been newly diagnosed with schizophrenia. Which of the following findings is true regarding this disorder?
Biologically male clients are typically diagnosed earlier than biologically female clients.
Biologically female clients are likely to be diagnosed earlier than biologically born males.
Diagnosis commonly occurs in individuals under the age of 12.
People diagnosed with schizophrenia are more violent than others.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Schizophrenia is typically diagnosed earlier in males compared to females, with onset often occurring in late adolescence to early adulthood.
B. Biologically female clients are generally diagnosed later in life compared to males.
C. Schizophrenia is rarely diagnosed in individuals under the age of 12; it commonly presents in late adolescence or early adulthood.
D. People with schizophrenia are not necessarily more violent than others; rather, violence is not a defining characteristic of the disorder.
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Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
Rationales:
A. The client's statement, "I can't go on living without my child," indicates a potentially serious risk to their safety and well-being. This statement suggests that the client may be experiencing suicidal ideation or extreme despair, which requires immediate attention and intervention.
B. While sadness and anger are expected components of grief, the intensity of these feelings and their persistence need to be assessed for any signs of complicated grief or potential for self-harm. Addressing these emotions is critical to ensuring the client’s safety and providing appropriate support.
C. While understanding the expectations during group meetings is important for therapy, it is not as immediately critical as addressing the client's statements about their outlook on living and their medication adherence.
D. Knowledge about the therapist’s role is important for therapeutic alliance, but it is less urgent compared to addressing the client’s potentially dangerous outlook on living and their medication issues.
E. The client’s refusal to take the prescribed medication, with the belief that it "will not help," indicates a possible issue with medication adherence or effectiveness. This needs to be addressed to ensure that the client is receiving appropriate treatment for their mental health needs.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Eating breakfast prior to the procedure is generally not allowed due to the requirement for anesthesia, which requires the stomach to be empty to reduce the risk of aspiration.
B. Brief seizures are a key component of ECT, as the procedure involves inducing controlled seizures to achieve therapeutic effects. This statement indicates an accurate understanding of the procedure.
C. One ECT treatment is not typically sufficient for treating depression; multiple sessions are usually required for therapeutic benefit.
D. A pre-ECT workup is necessary to ensure the client is physically prepared for the procedure and to assess any potential risks.