A nurse is caring for a client who has been newly diagnosed with schizophrenia. Which of the following findings is true regarding this disorder?
Biologically male clients are typically diagnosed earlier than biologically female clients.
Biologically female clients are likely to be diagnosed earlier than biologically born males.
Diagnosis commonly occurs in individuals under the age of 12.
People diagnosed with schizophrenia are more violent than others.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Schizophrenia is typically diagnosed earlier in males compared to females, with onset often occurring in late adolescence to early adulthood.
B. Biologically female clients are generally diagnosed later in life compared to males.
C. Schizophrenia is rarely diagnosed in individuals under the age of 12; it commonly presents in late adolescence or early adulthood.
D. People with schizophrenia are not necessarily more violent than others; rather, violence is not a defining characteristic of the disorder.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Dental decay is a common result of frequent vomiting in bulimia nervosa due to exposure of teeth to stomach acid.
B. Bulimia nervosa often involves fluctuations in weight rather than a consistently lower weight, as it includes binge eating episodes.
C. Hypokalemia (low potassium) is more commonly associated with bulimia due to vomiting rather than hyperkalemia (high potassium).
D. Amenorrhea (absence of menstruation) may occur in bulimia nervosa but is less specific than dental decay for the condition.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. This response incorrectly defines suicide attempts and self-harm and oversimplifies the concept of self-harm.
B. A suicide attempt involves self-harm with the intent to die, whereas self-harm (or self-injury) involves harming oneself without the intention of death. This response accurately differentiates between the two.
C. Suicide attempts can involve self-harm, but not all self-harm is intended as a suicide attempt. This response conflates the terms.
D. The terms are not interchangeable; understanding their differences is crucial for accurate assessment and intervention.