A nurse is caring for a client who has been newly diagnosed with schizophrenia. Which of the following findings is true regarding this disorder?
Biologically male clients are typically diagnosed earlier than biologically female clients.
Biologically female clients are likely to be diagnosed earlier than biologically born males.
Diagnosis commonly occurs in individuals under the age of 12.
People diagnosed with schizophrenia are more violent than others.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Schizophrenia is typically diagnosed earlier in males compared to females, with onset often occurring in late adolescence to early adulthood.
B. Biologically female clients are generally diagnosed later in life compared to males.
C. Schizophrenia is rarely diagnosed in individuals under the age of 12; it commonly presents in late adolescence or early adulthood.
D. People with schizophrenia are not necessarily more violent than others; rather, violence is not a defining characteristic of the disorder.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. This statement undermines the importance of therapeutic communication, which is essential in building trust and understanding with clients.
B. Therapeutic communication is indeed a fundamental part of mental health nursing and plays a crucial role in establishing a therapeutic relationship that supports the client's emotional and psychological well-being.
C. Therapeutic communication is vital in nurse-client interactions and is integral to effective mental health care, not just nurse-to-nurse communication.
D. Therapeutic communication in healthcare requires specific skills and approaches that differ from everyday conversation, emphasizing the need for sensitivity, empathy, and active listening.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Narrative therapy is a therapeutic approach that focuses on reshaping personal narratives and is not typically associated with increased risk of self-harm.
B. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is specifically designed to help individuals with borderline personality disorder manage self-harm behaviors and emotional dysregulation, so it would generally reduce, not increase, risk.
C. The period following hospital discharge is often associated with a higher risk of self-harm due to potential lack of support, instability, or feelings of abandonment.
D. While significant life events such as getting married can be stressful, they are not typically associated with the highest risk of self-harm compared to the transitional phase post-discharge.