A nurse is caring for a client who has an infection and is starting to take gentamicin. Which of the following client laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to detect an adverse effect of the medication?
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP).
Creatinine.
Amylase level.
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
BNP is used to diagnose heart failure, not to monitor gentamicin’s adverse effects.
Choice B rationale
Creatinine levels should be monitored as gentamicin can cause nephrotoxicity, leading to impaired kidney function.
Choice C rationale
Amylase levels are not relevant for detecting gentamicin’s adverse effects.
Choice D rationale
ESR is used to detect inflammation, not specific to gentamicin’s adverse effects.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Monitoring for weight gain is not a primary concern with pramlintide. Pramlintide is an amylin analog used to control postprandial blood glucose levels. Weight gain is not a typical side effect of pramlintide; instead, it may cause weight loss due to its effects on appetite suppression and delayed gastric emptying.
Choice B rationale
Monitoring for hypoglycemia for 3 hours after pramlintide administration is crucial. Pramlintide can increase the risk of insulin-induced hypoglycemia, especially in patients with type 1 diabetes. This is because pramlintide slows gastric emptying and suppresses glucagon secretion, which can lead to lower blood glucose levels.
Choice C rationale
Injecting pramlintide in the upper arm is not recommended. Pramlintide should be administered subcutaneously in the abdomen or thigh, not the upper arm, to ensure proper absorption and effectiveness.
Choice D rationale
Administering pramlintide 30 minutes prior to a meal is incorrect. Pramlintide should be administered immediately before meals to help control postprandial blood glucose levels effectively.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that rapidly reverses the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression. It binds to opioid receptors and displaces the opioid molecules, reversing their effects.
Choice B rationale
Bisacodyl is a stimulant laxative used to treat constipation. It does not have any effect on opioid-induced respiratory depression.
Choice C rationale
Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine antagonist used to reverse the effects of benzodiazepines, not opioids. It is not effective in treating opioid-induced respiratory depression.
Choice D rationale
Pentazocine is an opioid agonist-antagonist used for pain relief. It does not reverse opioid-induced respiratory depression and can potentially worsen the condition.