A nurse is caring for a client who has active tuberculosis (TB). Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take to prevent the transmission of the disease?
Have the client wear a surgical mask while being transported outside the room.
Wear a surgical mask while providing care for the client.
Restrict visitors from entering the client's room during hospitalization.
Initiate contact precautions for the client upon admission.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Having the client wear a surgical mask while being transported outside the room is essential to prevent the transmission of TB to others. This minimizes exposure to airborne droplets.
B. Wearing a surgical mask while providing care for the client is not sufficient for preventing TB transmission; an N95 respirator is required to protect healthcare workers from inhaling airborne particles.
C. While restricting visitors may help limit exposure, it is not the most effective preventive measure compared to ensuring that the client wears a mask when out of their room.
D. Initiating contact precautions is not necessary for TB, as it primarily requires airborne precautions. Airborne isolation precautions should be followed, including the use of N95 respirators for healthcare workers and appropriate ventilation.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. While a home health nurse visit is important, it is not an immediate safety concern for the client's discharge.
B. The need for assistance when transferring is critical information as it directly impacts the client's safety during discharge; the oncoming nurse must ensure proper support is arranged.
C. The fact that the client's partner will bring clothes is relevant but does not affect the immediate care of the client.
D. Encouragement for personal hygiene is important but is not as urgent as ensuring the client can safely transfer without risk of falls or injury.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Hypotension is not a common adverse effect of estradiol; instead, it may cause hypertension.
B. Bruising can indicate thrombocytopenia or other clotting issues, which are serious adverse effects of estradiol and should be reported immediately.
C. Headaches are a common side effect of estradiol but are usually not severe; they typically do not require reporting unless they are persistent or severe.
D. Oliguria is not a known adverse effect of estradiol and may indicate other underlying issues that are unrelated to this medication.