A nurse is caring for a client who has active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and a new prescription for rifampin. The nurse should instruct the client that they should expect which of the following clinical manifestations while taking this medication?
Staining of teeth
Orange colored secretions
Constipation
White-colored stools
The Correct Answer is B
A. Staining of teeth: Rifampin is not known to stain teeth.
B. Orange colored secretions: Rifampin commonly causes orange discoloration of body fluids, including urine, tears, and sweat. This is harmless but can be alarming if the client is not forewarned.
C. Constipation: Constipation is not a typical side effect of rifampin.
D. White-colored stools: Rifampin does not cause white-colored stools, but bile duct obstruction could.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Clotting Factors: Epoetin alfa does not directly influence clotting factors.
B. Hemoglobin & hematocrit: Epoetin alfa is used to stimulate red blood cell production, which increases hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Monitoring these values helps determine the drug’s therapeutic effectiveness in improving anemia associated with chronic renal disease.
C. Leukocyte Count: This medication primarily affects red blood cells, not white blood cells (leukocytes).
D. ALT & AST: These are liver function tests and are not related to the therapeutic effect of epoetin alfa.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Alopecia: Alopecia is a common side effect of chemotherapy because these medications target rapidly dividing cells, including hair follicles.
B. Bone marrow suppression: Chemotherapy can cause bone marrow suppression, leading to decreased production of blood cells, increasing the risk of anemia, infections, and bleeding.
C. Extrapyramidal symptoms: Extrapyramidal symptoms are associated with antipsychotic medications, not chemotherapy. They include symptoms like tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia.
D. Bleeding: Due to bone marrow suppression, chemotherapy can decrease platelet counts, increasing the risk of bleeding.
E. Nausea: Nausea and vomiting are common adverse effects of chemotherapy due to the irritation of the gastrointestinal lining and activation of the vomiting center in the brain.