A nurse is caring for a client who has active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and a new prescription for rifampin. The nurse should instruct the client that they should expect which of the following clinical manifestations while taking this medication?
Staining of teeth
Orange colored secretions
Constipation
White-colored stools
The Correct Answer is B
A. Staining of teeth: Rifampin is not known to stain teeth.
B. Orange colored secretions: Rifampin commonly causes orange discoloration of body fluids, including urine, tears, and sweat. This is harmless but can be alarming if the client is not forewarned.
C. Constipation: Constipation is not a typical side effect of rifampin.
D. White-colored stools: Rifampin does not cause white-colored stools, but bile duct obstruction could.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Lactic acidosis: Zidovudine has a black box warning for lactic acidosis, a rare but serious complication that can be life-threatening. The nurse should educate the client about symptoms of lactic acidosis, such as muscle pain and weakness.
B. Uterine Cancer: Zidovudine is not associated with uterine cancer.
C. Oral Candidiasis: This is not a black box warning for zidovudine, though oral candidiasis can occur in immunocompromised clients.
D. Thromboembolic Events: This is not a known black box warning for zidovudine.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Uterine cancer: No known contraindications exist between this condition and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.
B. Client taking captopril for hypertension: Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim can increase potassium levels, and captopril (an ACE inhibitor) also raises potassium levels. Using these drugs together increases the risk of hyperkalemia, a dangerous condition.
C. Osteoporosis: This condition does not contraindicate the use of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.
D. Multiple Sclerosis: No known contraindications exist for this condition with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.