A nurse is caring for a client who has a terminal illness and states that they wish to discontinue their enteral feedings. The nurse responds by saying, "You have a right to refuse treatment." This response by the nurse demonstrates which of the following ethical principles?
Autonomy
Fidelity
Beneficence
Justice
The Correct Answer is A
A. Autonomy refers to the right of individuals to make their own decisions regarding their healthcare, including the right to refuse treatment, which the nurse has supported in their response.
B. Fidelity involves being faithful to commitments made to patients, such as providing care and support, but does not directly pertain to the client's right to refuse treatment.
C. Beneficence focuses on promoting the well-being of the client, which may not align with the client’s decision to refuse treatment in this context.
D. Justice refers to fairness in healthcare and ensuring equitable treatment, but it does not address the specific right of the client to refuse treatment.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Reviewing evidence-based literature is essential to understand best practices in shift reporting and can inform the development of effective interventions. This foundational step helps ensure that any proposed changes are supported by research and proven methods.
B. While organizing a task force can be beneficial, it should occur after understanding the current best practices, as the task force's efforts would be better guided with existing evidence.
C. Creating a new reporting process without first gathering information or reviewing best practices may result in ineffective or unnecessary changes.
D. Developing a strategy to alert nurses is important, but it should be based on informed decisions derived from literature and data analysis, which should come first.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Offering suggestions demonstrates a directive approach rather than a laissez-faire style, which typically involves minimal guidance.
B. Encouraging the AP to decide how they would like to divide client care tasks exemplifies laissez-faire leadership, as it empowers team members to make decisions independently.
C. Instructing the AP to report hourly indicates a more authoritarian leadership style, as it sets specific expectations for accountability.
D. Providing constructive criticism suggests active involvement in guiding the AP’s performance, contrasting with the hands-off approach of laissez-faire leadership.