A nurse is caring for a client who has a suspected ectopic pregnancy at 8 weeks of gestation.
Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to identify as consistent with the diagnosis?
Severe nausea and vomiting.
Large amount of vaginal bleeding.
Uterine enlargement greater than expected for gestational age.
Unilateral, cramp-like abdominal pain.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Severe nausea and vomiting, known as hyperemesis gravidarum, are more commonly associated with high levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and are not specific to
ectopic pregnancy.
Choice B rationale
While vaginal bleeding can occur in an ectopic pregnancy, it is usually not a large amount. The bleeding in ectopic pregnancy tends to be light and irregular.
Choice C rationale
Uterine enlargement greater than expected for gestational age is typically associated with conditions like molar pregnancy, not ectopic pregnancy, as the pregnancy is located outside
the uterus.
Choice D rationale
Unilateral, cramp-like abdominal pain is a classic symptom of ectopic pregnancy as the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, most commonly in a fallopian tube, causing
localized pain.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Category 1 is a normal fetal heart rate pattern with no signs of fetal distress, which is not applicable in this case.
Choice B rationale
Category 2 represents an intermediate category with some concerns, but recurrent late decelerations and absent variability place this scenario in a higher risk category.
Choice C rationale
Category 3 indicates abnormal fetal heart rate patterns, including absent variability with recurrent late decelerations, which is associated with potential fetal hypoxia or acidemia and requires prompt intervention.
Choice D rationale
There is no Category 4 in fetal heart rate monitoring.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A family history of breast cancer, particularly in a close relative like a sister, is a significant risk factor for breast cancer.
Choice B rationale
Exposure to radiation, particularly in the chest area, increases the risk of developing breast cancer.
Choice C rationale
Current use of oral contraceptives can slightly increase the risk of breast cancer, though the risk diminishes after stopping the pills.
Choice D rationale
Age less than 25 years is not a risk factor for breast cancer; risk increases with age.