A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and asks where this disease originates within the body. The nurse should tell the client that SLE originates in which of the following locations in the body?
Connective tissue.
Peripheral vascular system.
Lymphatic system.
Skeletal tissue.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects connective tissue. The immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue, leading to inflammation and damage.
Choice B rationale
SLE does not originate in the peripheral vascular system, although it can cause complications in blood vessels.
Choice C rationale
While the lymphatic system is involved in immune responses, SLE primarily targets connective tissue.
Choice D rationale
SLE does not originate in skeletal tissue, though it can cause joint pain and arthritis.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Erythema and edema of the affected ear are more commonly associated with external otitis (swimmer’s ear) rather than otitis media. Otitis media involves the middle ear, not the external ear canal.
Choice B rationale
Pain when manipulating the affected ear lobe is also indicative of external otitis. In otitis media, the pain is usually deeper and not affected by manipulation of the ear lobe.
Choice C rationale
Tugging on the affected ear lobe is a common sign in toddlers with otitis media. This behavior is due to the discomfort and pressure in the middle ear caused by the infection.
Choice D rationale
Clear drainage from the affected ear is not typical of otitis media. If there is drainage, it is usually purulent (pus-like) and indicates a ruptured eardrum.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Avoiding bearing down is important for patients with certain conditions, but not specifically for Ménière’s disease.
Choice B rationale
Patients with Ménière’s disease should avoid sudden movements to prevent exacerbating vertigo and balance issues.
Choice C rationale
Increasing sodium intake can worsen fluid retention and symptoms of Ménière’s disease.
Choice D rationale
Increasing caffeine intake can exacerbate symptoms of Ménière’s disease, including tinnitus and vertigo.