A nurse is caring for a client who has a hip fracture that requires surgical repair. Which of the following health care professionals is responsible for obtaining informed consent from the client for the procedure?
Nurse
Surgical suite nurse
Anesthesiologist
Surgeon
The Correct Answer is D
A. The nurse can provide information about the procedure and assist the client in understanding the consent form, but they are not responsible for obtaining informed consent.
B. The surgical suite nurse assists in the surgical environment but does not have the authority to obtain consent.
C. The anesthesiologist discusses the anesthesia involved but does not obtain consent for the surgery itself.
D. The surgeon is responsible for obtaining informed consent, as they must explain the procedure, risks, and benefits to the client before the client can make an informed decision.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Using an alcohol rub when hands are visibly soiled is incorrect; hands should be washed with soap and water in such cases.
B. Rubbing all surfaces of the hands with an alcohol rub for 20 to 30 seconds is an appropriate practice for effective hand hygiene when hands are not visibly soiled, ensuring thorough coverage of all hand surfaces.
C. Gloves are not a substitute for hand hygiene; hands should be washed before putting on gloves and after removing them to prevent contamination.
D. Even if an individual does not have an infection, they can still carry pathogens on their hands that may infect others, highlighting the necessity of proper hand hygiene.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Kussmaul respirations are characterized by deep, rapid breathing typically associated with metabolic acidosis, not alternating periods of hyperventilation and apnea.
B. Apneustic respirations involve prolonged inspiration and shorter expiration phases, usually seen in brain injuries, but do not reflect alternating hyperventilation and apnea.
C. Stridor is a high-pitched wheezing sound indicative of upper airway obstruction, which does not describe the breathing pattern in this scenario.
D. Cheyne-Stokes respirations are defined by alternating periods of deep, rapid breathing (hyperventilation) followed by periods of no breathing (apnea), making this the correct choice for the client’s described pattern.