A nurse is caring for a client who experienced a cesarean birth due to dysfunctional labor. The client states that she is disappointed that she did not have a natural childbirth. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Maybe next time you can have a vaginal delivery.
It sounds like you are feeling sad that things didn’t go as planned.
At least you know you have a healthy baby.
You can resume sensations sooner than if you had delivered vaginally.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason:
Saying “Maybe next time you can have a vaginal delivery” is not supportive and may minimize the client’s current feelings of disappointment. It is important to acknowledge and validate the client’s emotions rather than focusing on future possibilities.
Choice B reason:
This response, “It sounds like you are feeling sad that things didn’t go as planned,” is empathetic and validates the client’s feelings. It shows that the nurse is listening and understands the client’s disappointment, which is crucial for emotional support.
Choice C reason:
While it is true that having a healthy baby is important, saying “At least you know you have a healthy baby” can come across as dismissive of the client’s feelings. It is essential to address the client’s emotions directly rather than shifting the focus.
Choice D reason:
Telling the client “You can resume sensations sooner than if you had delivered vaginally” is not relevant to the client’s expressed feelings of disappointment about not having a natural childbirth. This response does not address the emotional aspect of the client’s experience.

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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Family history of cardiac disease is a non-modifiable risk factor. This means it cannot be changed or controlled through lifestyle or behavioral modifications. A family history of heart disease increases an individual’s risk, but it is not something that can be altered.
Choice B reason:
Increasing age is another non-modifiable risk factor. As people age, their risk for cardiovascular disease naturally increases. This is due to the cumulative effects of aging on the cardiovascular system, which cannot be changed.
Choice C reason:
The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is a complex risk factor. While the presence of diabetes itself is not modifiable, the management of diabetes through lifestyle changes, medication, and diet can significantly reduce cardiovascular risk. However, the condition itself remains a non-modifiable risk factor.
Choice D reason:
Cigarette smoking is a modifiable risk factor. This means that individuals can reduce their risk of cardiovascular disease by quitting smoking. Smoking cessation has been shown to significantly lower the risk of heart disease and improve overall cardiovascular health.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A: Perform a Blind Finger Sweep
Performing a blind finger sweep is not recommended because it can push the foreign object further into the airway, making the obstruction worse. This method is only advised if the object is clearly visible and can be safely removed without causing further harm.
Choice B: Turn the Client to the Side
Turning the client to the side can be helpful in certain situations, such as when the client is unconscious or at risk of vomiting. However, in the case of a conscious client with a foreign body airway obstruction, this action does not directly address the obstruction and is not the first priority.
Choice C: Insert an Oral Airway
Inserting an oral airway is typically used to maintain an open airway in an unconscious patient who cannot maintain their own airway. For a conscious client with a foreign body obstruction, this action is not appropriate and could cause further complications.
Choice D: Administer the Abdominal Thrust Maneuver
Administering the abdominal thrust maneuver (also known as the Heimlich maneuver) is the recommended first action for a conscious client with a foreign body airway obstruction. This technique involves standing behind the client, placing a fist just above their navel, and delivering quick, upward thrusts to expel the foreign object. This method is effective in creating an artificial cough that can dislodge the obstruction.
