A nurse is caring for a client who asks why she is being prescribed aspirin 325 mg daily following a myocardial infarction. The nurse should instruct the client that aspirin is prescribed for clients who have coronary artery disease for which of the following effects?
To prevent blood clotting
To reduce inflammation
To prevent fever
To provide analgesia
The Correct Answer is A
A. To prevent blood clotting: Aspirin is an antiplatelet agent, and it reduces blood clot formation, which helps prevent further cardiac events after an MI.
B. To reduce inflammation: Although aspirin has anti-inflammatory properties, this is not the primary reason for its use in post-MI clients.
C. To prevent fever: Aspirin can reduce fever, but this is not its purpose in MI prevention.
D. To provide analgesia: Aspirin can relieve pain, but in this context, it is used to prevent blood clotting, not as an analgesic.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "I am constipated." Constipation is not a common indicator of digoxin toxicity; it may be more related to diet or other medications.
B. "My vision seems yellow." Yellow or blurred vision, also called xanthopsia, is a classic sign of digoxin toxicity and should be reported immediately.
C. "My tongue is red and beefy." A red and beefy tongue may indicate vitamin B12 deficiency, not digoxin toxicity.
D. "I am gaining weight." Weight gain is usually a sign of fluid retention or worsening heart failure, not specifically digoxin toxicity.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "I'll use my electric razor for shaving." This is correct as using an electric razor helps prevent cuts, which is important since warfarin increases bleeding risk.
B. "I'll be sure to eat foods with lots of vitamin K." Vitamin K reduces the effectiveness of warfarin; clients should be consistent with their intake of vitamin K to avoid fluctuations in INR.
C. "It's okay to have a couple of glasses of wine with dinner." Alcohol can increase the effect of warfarin and the risk of bleeding. Clients should avoid or limit alcohol intake.
D. "I'll take aspirin for my headaches." Aspirin also has anticoagulant effects and can increase bleeding risk when taken with warfarin.