A nurse is caring for a client. Which of the following client statements should the nurse identify as an indication of anorexia nervosa?
"I spend lots of time searching for new recipes."
"I have so much energy."
"I enjoy wearing form-fitting clothes to show off my body."
"I know I am skinny."
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Spending time searching for new recipes does not necessarily indicate anorexia nervosa and might be associated with interest in food without consumption.
B. Reporting high energy levels is not characteristic of anorexia nervosa, where clients often suffer from fatigue due to inadequate nutrition.
C. Enjoying wearing form-fitting clothes is more indicative of a positive body image, which is not typical of those with anorexia nervosa.
D. The statement "I know I am skinny" reflects an awareness of low body weight, which, in the context of anorexia nervosa, might indicate a distorted body image and an unhealthy focus on being underweight.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Narrative therapy is a therapeutic approach that focuses on reshaping personal narratives and is not typically associated with increased risk of self-harm.
B. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is specifically designed to help individuals with borderline personality disorder manage self-harm behaviors and emotional dysregulation, so it would generally reduce, not increase, risk.
C. The period following hospital discharge is often associated with a higher risk of self-harm due to potential lack of support, instability, or feelings of abandonment.
D. While significant life events such as getting married can be stressful, they are not typically associated with the highest risk of self-harm compared to the transitional phase post-discharge.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Self-stigma refers to the internalized negative beliefs a person may have about their own mental illness, not external fears about others.
B. Institutional stigma involves policies or practices within organizations that discriminate against those with mental illness, not individual fears.
C. Cultural stigma refers to societal attitudes and beliefs about mental illness within a specific culture, not individual fears about safety.
D. Public stigma involves widespread negative beliefs and stereotypes about mental illness, which can contribute to fears that individuals with schizophrenia are dangerous to others.