A nurse is caring for a client receiving phenazopyridine (Azo) for urinary tract analgesia. Which of the following side effects is associated with phenazopyridine?
Increase in blood pressure
Vomiting
Orange colored urine
Dizziness
The Correct Answer is C
A. Phenazopyridine does not typically cause an increase in blood pressure; this effect is not associated with the medication.
B. While gastrointestinal upset can occur, vomiting is not a primary or expected side effect of phenazopyridine.
C. A well-known side effect of phenazopyridine is orange or reddish urine, which results from the drug's dye properties.
D. Dizziness is not a common side effect; while it can occur, it is less specific to phenazopyridine compared to the characteristic orange urine.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Chlorpheniramine is a first-generation antihistamine and may cause sedation and other side effects due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier.
B. Cetirizine is a second-generation antihistamine that is less likely to cause sedation and is used to relieve symptoms of allergic rhinitis.
C. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist, not an antihistamine, and is used for allergic rhinitis and asthma.
D. Diphenhydramine is a first-generation antihistamine known for its sedative effects and is often used for allergies but is not classified as a second-generation antihistamine.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Ferrous sulfate can stain the teeth; therefore, using a straw can help minimize this risk when taken in liquid form.
B. Iron absorption is actually reduced when taken with milk or dairy products due to calcium binding with iron, so this statement is incorrect.
C. Iron supplements are often associated with constipation, and taking them at night may not prevent this issue; in fact, taking them during the day with plenty of fluids and fiber is usually recommended.
D. Antacids can interfere with the absorption of iron, so it is not advisable to take them together.